奥克肖特对《利维坦》的解读
发布时间：2018-07-15 15:30
【摘要】：奥克肖特是20世纪英国著名的保守主义思想家,他在历史、哲学、政治、教育方面均有建树。他在战后发表的《政治中的理性主义》一文曾引起学术界的广泛讨论,这确立了他20世纪著名的政治哲学家的地位。当然,奥克肖特也是一位研究霍布斯的专家,他的《(利维坦)导读》直接促成了《利维坦》的最终定稿。本文也正是要关注奥克肖特对《利维坦》的解读,试图找出奥克肖特对《利维坦》解读的独特之处。 本文第一部分从奥克肖特的哲学观出发,试图找出奥克肖特对《利维坦》的解读与他的哲学观的关联。奥克肖特是一个唯心主义观念论者,历史的方法在他那里占据着重要的地位。他对《利维坦》的解读既放在了整个政治哲学史的大背景之下,也放在了霍布斯所生活的时代背景之下,找出了《利维坦》所属的传统,并得出了他那《利维坦》是英语世界中最伟大的政治哲学著作的结论。 本文第二部分主要探讨了《利维坦》中的霍布斯是否是一个自由主义者。奥克肖特认为自由主义发展到今天,已变成一套意识形态的理论,霍布斯当然不是这种意义上的自由主义者。但是,自由在霍布斯那里却占据着重要的位置,利维坦的建立从根本上说就是要保障公民享有充分的自由,奥克肖特认为在《利维坦》中能够发现比自由主义者更多的自由。 本文第三部分主要探讨了《利维坦》中的霍布斯是否是奥克肖特所批判的理性主义者。对理性主义的批判在奥克肖特一生的工作中占据着重要地位,奥克肖特认为理性主义者最大的错误就是对传统的无情的抛弃,并认为可以运用理性建立一套普遍适用的理论。奥克肖特认为霍布斯也犯了这样的错误,霍布斯是一个理性主义者。但是我们对《利维坦》的解读却必须跳出理性主义的模式,从欧洲政治传统中对《利维坦》加以诠释。
[Abstract]:Oakchott is a famous British conservative thinker in the 20th century. He has made great achievements in history, philosophy, politics and education. His postwar article rationalism in Politics aroused extensive discussion in academic circles, which established his position as a famous political philosopher in the 20th century. Of course, Oakchott was also an expert at Hobbes, and his Leviathan Guide contributed directly to the finalization of Leviathan. This paper also focuses on Oakchott's interpretation of Leviathan and tries to find out his unique interpretation of Leviathan. The first part tries to find out the relation between Oakchott's interpretation of Leviathan and his philosophy. Oakchott is an idealist, and the historical method plays an important role in him. His interpretation of Leviathan was both in the context of the whole history of political philosophy and in the context of the times in which Hobbes lived, and found the tradition to which Leviathan belonged. His Leviathan is the greatest work of political philosophy in the English language. The second part mainly discusses whether Hobbes in Leviathan is a liberal. Oakchott believes that liberalism has become an ideological theory by now, and Hobbes is certainly not a liberal in this sense. But freedom occupies an important place in Hobbes, and Leviathan was founded to guarantee citizens full freedom, and Oakchott argues that more freedom can be found in Leviathan than in liberals. The third part mainly discusses whether Hobbes in Leviathan is a rationalist criticized by Oakchott. Criticism of rationalism plays an important role in Oakchott's work in his life. Oakchott believes that rationalist's biggest mistake is to abandon the tradition mercilessly, and that rational can be used to establish a set of universally applicable theories. Oakchott thought Hobbes, a rationalist, had made the same mistake. However, our interpretation of Leviathan must go beyond rationalism and interpret Leviathan from the European political tradition.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D09
本文编号：2124543
[Abstract]:Oakchott is a famous British conservative thinker in the 20th century. He has made great achievements in history, philosophy, politics and education. His postwar article rationalism in Politics aroused extensive discussion in academic circles, which established his position as a famous political philosopher in the 20th century. Of course, Oakchott was also an expert at Hobbes, and his Leviathan Guide contributed directly to the finalization of Leviathan. This paper also focuses on Oakchott's interpretation of Leviathan and tries to find out his unique interpretation of Leviathan. The first part tries to find out the relation between Oakchott's interpretation of Leviathan and his philosophy. Oakchott is an idealist, and the historical method plays an important role in him. His interpretation of Leviathan was both in the context of the whole history of political philosophy and in the context of the times in which Hobbes lived, and found the tradition to which Leviathan belonged. His Leviathan is the greatest work of political philosophy in the English language. The second part mainly discusses whether Hobbes in Leviathan is a liberal. Oakchott believes that liberalism has become an ideological theory by now, and Hobbes is certainly not a liberal in this sense. But freedom occupies an important place in Hobbes, and Leviathan was founded to guarantee citizens full freedom, and Oakchott argues that more freedom can be found in Leviathan than in liberals. The third part mainly discusses whether Hobbes in Leviathan is a rationalist criticized by Oakchott. Criticism of rationalism plays an important role in Oakchott's work in his life. Oakchott believes that rationalist's biggest mistake is to abandon the tradition mercilessly, and that rational can be used to establish a set of universally applicable theories. Oakchott thought Hobbes, a rationalist, had made the same mistake. However, our interpretation of Leviathan must go beyond rationalism and interpret Leviathan from the European political tradition.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D09
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 吴之声;;“链锁”与“自由”:对霍布斯“利维坦”的辩解[J];湖南科技学院学报;2013年06期
，本文编号：2124543
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