马克思早期的“市民社会”概念研究
发布时间：2018-08-05 13:55
【摘要】：在马克思所构建的唯物史观理论体系中,市民社会概念起到了基础性的支撑作用,并被当做其思想流变和升华的重要线索埋在了各个时期的文本之中。本文通过对市民社会概念历史渊源的回溯以及对马克思早期文本中相关线索的清理,深入其思想纵深,揭示出了市民社会概念发展演变的真实脉络。通过研究发现,马克思是在两种含义上使用市民社会这一概念的。从《黑格尔法哲学批判》到《巴黎手稿》时期,是马克思市民社会概念确立与发展的时期。这一时期马克思通过对市民社会诉诸于法哲学批判和政治经济学批判,奠定了市民社会决定政治国家的哲学原则,揭示了资本主义制度下市民社会的异化本质,并在此基础之上制定出了对私有财产的积极扬弃即实现共产主义的宏伟目标。这一时期的市民社会概念主要用于指代资产阶级社会。从《德意志意识形态》到《共产党宣言》时期,是马克思市民社会概念含义发生转向的时期。这一时期马克思把对资本主义社会的政治经济学解剖作为对一切社会形态进行解剖的钥匙,从中概括出了唯物史观的三大原理并论证了资本主义社会必将走向灭亡,共产主义社会终将得以建立的历史必然性。在这一时期,马克思的市民社会概念由先前对资本主义社会的指代转变为对物质交往关系总和即经济基础的指称,这一转变的完成同时标志着马克思唯物史观思想的正式问世。
[Abstract]:In the theoretical system of historical materialism constructed by Marx, the concept of civil society plays a basic supporting role, and is buried in the texts of each period as an important clue of its thought evolution and sublimation. By looking back at the historical origin of the concept of civil society and clearing up the relevant clues in Marx's early texts, this paper reveals the real context of the development and evolution of the concept of civil society. It is found that Marx used the concept of civil society in two meanings. From the critique of Hegel's philosophy of law to the period of Paris manuscripts, Marx's concept of civil society was established and developed. During this period, Marx appealed to the civil society to criticize the philosophy of law and the political economy, established the philosophical principle that the civil society decided the political state, and revealed the alienation essence of the civil society under the capitalist system. On this basis, the author formulated the grand goal of realizing communism by actively sublation of private property. The concept of civil society in this period was mainly used to refer to bourgeois society. The period from German ideology to Communist Manifesto is the period when the concept of Marx's civil society turned. In this period, Marx took the political economic anatomy of capitalist society as the key to dissection all social forms, summed up the three major principles of historical materialism and demonstrated that capitalist society would surely die out. The historical inevitability of a communist society that will eventually be established. During this period, Marx's concept of civil society changed from a reference to capitalist society to a reference to the sum of material intercourse relations, that is, the economic basis. The completion of this transformation also marked the formal appearance of Marx's historical materialism.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：A81;D032
本文编号：2165997
[Abstract]:In the theoretical system of historical materialism constructed by Marx, the concept of civil society plays a basic supporting role, and is buried in the texts of each period as an important clue of its thought evolution and sublimation. By looking back at the historical origin of the concept of civil society and clearing up the relevant clues in Marx's early texts, this paper reveals the real context of the development and evolution of the concept of civil society. It is found that Marx used the concept of civil society in two meanings. From the critique of Hegel's philosophy of law to the period of Paris manuscripts, Marx's concept of civil society was established and developed. During this period, Marx appealed to the civil society to criticize the philosophy of law and the political economy, established the philosophical principle that the civil society decided the political state, and revealed the alienation essence of the civil society under the capitalist system. On this basis, the author formulated the grand goal of realizing communism by actively sublation of private property. The concept of civil society in this period was mainly used to refer to bourgeois society. The period from German ideology to Communist Manifesto is the period when the concept of Marx's civil society turned. In this period, Marx took the political economic anatomy of capitalist society as the key to dissection all social forms, summed up the three major principles of historical materialism and demonstrated that capitalist society would surely die out. The historical inevitability of a communist society that will eventually be established. During this period, Marx's concept of civil society changed from a reference to capitalist society to a reference to the sum of material intercourse relations, that is, the economic basis. The completion of this transformation also marked the formal appearance of Marx's historical materialism.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：A81;D032
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