周恩来民主思想的实践性研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 18:28

【摘要】：周恩来的民主思想与实践,是马克思主义基本原理与中国社会主义革命和民主建设实践相结合的产物,是马克思主义民主思想在我国的具体体现之一。周恩来关于完善人大制度和政协制度、民主与专政、民主与法制、党内民主与人民民主等方面均有深刻、丰富的论述。论文除引论与结论外,正文包括四大部分。引论首先介绍了周恩来早期的求学和社会实践经历,并叙述了周恩来民主思想在周恩来整个思想体系中的重要地位,以及周恩来民主思想与法制思想之间的辩证关系。第一部分主要论述周恩来早期民主思想的萌芽、发展过程,从周恩来早期的社会经历及学业知识方面认识周恩来的民主救国理想,对周恩来早期民主思想的内容进行归纳,总结其特点,即资产阶级性质和不成熟性。第二部分介绍周恩来在旅日旅欧期间接触并研究马克思主义学说并成为一名共产主义者的历程,信仰马克思主义使周恩来在革命实践中逐步摒弃资产阶级民主思想,并树立马克思主义民主观。第三部分主要论述我国基本政治制度确立过程中周恩来民主思想的反映。首先,在对我国基本民主制度即人民代表大会制度的完善中,周恩来十分重视完善人民代表的选举方法,并对人大代表的工作方法、作风进行改进;其次,在对人民政协制度的完善中,周恩来从民主的高度肯定了政协的性质和意义,并由此规定了政协的组织机构和一套工作原则和方法,确保人民政协制度发挥应有的协商民主价值。第四部分阐述了周恩来对下列三个问题的观点:第一,民主与专政关系,以专政保障民主,但扩大民主才符合人民利益;第二,民主与法制的辩证关系,重点是民主的法制化问题;第三,党内民主与人民民主,以党内民主促进人民民主。结论部分是对周恩来民主思想的评析。周恩来的革命经历是中国革命的缩影,周恩来的民主思想也是由时代的需要而塑造的,是时代呼唤的结果;周恩来的民主思想既对毛泽东的民主思想有继承发展的一面,也有补充性甚至科学性的一面;同时,周恩来的一些民主思想和民主实践对现阶段我国政治文明建设也极具启发意义。周恩来的民主思想既有时代的先进性,又有时代的局限性。
[Abstract]:Zhou Enlai's democratic thought and practice is the product of combining the basic principles of Marxism with the practice of Chinese socialist revolution and democratic construction, and is one of the concrete embodiment of Marxist democratic thought in our country. Zhou Enlai has profound and rich exposition on perfecting the system of people's Congress and CPPCC, democracy and dictatorship, democracy and legal system, inner-party democracy and people's democracy. In addition to the introduction and conclusions, the text consists of four parts. The introduction first introduces Zhou Enlai's early experience of studying and social practice, and narrates the important position of Zhou Enlai's democratic thought in Zhou Enlai's whole thought system, and the dialectical relationship between Zhou Enlai's democratic thought and legal system thought. The first part mainly discusses the budding and developing process of Zhou Enlai's early democratic thought, from Zhou Enlai's early social experience and academic knowledge to understand Zhou Enlai's democratic ideal of saving the nation, and sums up the content of Zhou Enlai's early democratic thought. Summarize its characteristic, namely bourgeois nature and immaturity. The second part introduces Zhou Enlai's history of contacting and studying the Marxist theory and becoming a communist during his trip to Europe in Japan. The belief in Marxism made Zhou Enlai gradually abandon bourgeois democratic ideas in his revolutionary practice. And set up Marxist democratic view. The third part mainly discusses the reflection of Zhou Enlai's democratic thought in the process of establishing our country's basic political system. First, in perfecting the basic democratic system of our country, that is, the system of the people's Congress, Zhou Enlai attached great importance to perfecting the election methods of the people's congresses, and improved the working methods and style of deputies to the people's Congress; secondly, In perfecting the CPPCC system, Zhou Enlai affirmed the nature and significance of the CPPCC from a democratic perspective, and thus stipulated the organization and organization of the CPPCC and a set of working principles and methods. To ensure that the CPPCC system should give play to the value of consultation and democracy. The fourth part expounds Zhou Enlai's views on the following three issues: first, the relationship between democracy and dictatorship, the protection of democracy by dictatorship, but the expansion of democracy is in the interests of the people; second, the dialectical relationship between democracy and the legal system. Third, inner-party democracy and people's democracy, with inner-party democracy to promote people's democracy. The conclusion part is the analysis of Zhou Enlai's democratic thought. Zhou Enlai's revolutionary experience is a microcosm of the Chinese revolution, and Zhou Enlai's democratic thought is shaped by the needs of the times and is the result of the times' call. At the same time, some democratic thoughts and practices of Zhou Enlai are also very enlightening to the construction of political civilization in our country at the present stage. Zhou Enlai's democratic thought has both the advanced nature of the times and the limitations of the times.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D092

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