黄宗羲与洛克政治哲学的一种比较——政体构建的内在逻辑及其形上理据

发布时间：2018-08-17 19:38

【摘要】：黄宗羲与洛克作为17世纪同时代人,他们的政治学说在中西方政治思想史上具有重要地位。对二人政治思想的比较研究不应停留在发现某些对应项目的相似或差异,而是需要了解各自学说相对应的文化语境,考察他们所承续的不同思想源流,并且深入分析其政治理论的内在逻辑及其形上理据。本文依据黄、洛政治学说的代表性文本,比较分析其政体构建的内在逻辑理路,涉及以下五个方面:一是对前政治社会状态的语境描述;二是关于政治权力如何产生的论述;三是权力运行过程中如何合理施政的问题;四是关于制度设计的人性论基础;五是其政治哲学的形上理据。黄、洛的人性论思想以及相应的形上理据与其政治学说实则脉络贯通,为深入理解二人的政治思想提供了某种终极视域,这一认知有助于从根本上把握其政治思想的内涵和实质,揭示造成差异的深层动因。
[Abstract]:As contemporaries of 17 th century, Huang Zongxi and Locke's political theory plays an important role in the history of Chinese and western political thought. The comparative study of the two people's political thoughts should not only find the similarities or differences of some corresponding items, but also need to understand the cultural context corresponding to their respective theories, and examine their different ideological sources. And deeply analyze the internal logic of his political theory and its metaphysical justifications. Based on the representative texts of Huang and Luo's political theory, this paper compares and analyzes the internal logic of his political system construction, which involves the following five aspects: first, the contextual description of the pre-political and social state, the second, the discussion of how political power arises; The third is how to manage the power reasonably, the fourth is the basis of human nature theory of system design, and the fifth is the metaphysical basis of its political philosophy. Huang and Luo's thoughts on human nature and their corresponding metaphysical justifications are connected with the context of their political theories, which provides a certain ultimate horizon for further understanding of the two men's political thoughts. This cognition is helpful to grasp the connotation and essence of his political thought and reveal the deep cause of the difference.
【作者单位】：南京大学外国语学院;
【分类号】：D0

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