霍布斯《利维坦》的主权思想研究
发布时间：2018-09-06 12:04
【摘要】：霍布斯的主权思想相当复杂,具有多面性。为了理解霍布斯《利维坦》的主权思想,必须结合霍布斯的个人经历以及《利维坦》写作的时代背景进行分析。主权的目的是实现臣民之间的和平和防御共同敌人。主权目的的实现途径是经过人们同意—订立契约—形成信约—授权,从而建立起主权者与臣民之间的保护-服从的基本权利义务关系的一系列过程。主权者的权利十分广泛。这些权利是构成主权的要素。主权者也要承担一定的职责。主权是不可限制、不可转让和不可分割的。臣民自由具有几个特点。第一,在事实上,臣民的自由先于义务。第二,在理论上,臣民的自由是相对的自由。第三,臣民的自由与主权者的权利统一于主权建立的目的。主权建立在由激情和理性共同作用所揭示出来的自然法之上。消除黑暗王国对主权的威胁主要有两条途径。第一,要建立完善的国家制度。第二,用上帝之国来维护绝对主权。因此,本文主要是通过阐述《利维坦》主权的内容(What)和分析《利维坦》主权的正当性论证过程(Why)以及总结《利维坦》揭示的保卫主权的两条途径(How)三方面来研究霍布斯的主权思想。
[Abstract]:Hobbes' idea of sovereignty is complex and multifaceted. In order to understand Hobbes' thought of sovereignty, it is necessary to analyze Hobbes' personal experience and the background of Leviathan's writing. The aim of sovereignty is to achieve peace between subjects and to defend the common enemy. The way to realize the purpose of sovereignty is a series of processes of establishing the basic rights and obligations between the sovereign and the subjects by agreeing to make a contract to form a letter of agreement to authorize. The sovereign has a wide range of rights. These rights are essential elements of sovereignty. The sovereign also bears certain responsibilities. Sovereignty is unfettered, non-transferable and indivisible. The freedom of subjects has several characteristics. First, in fact, the freedom of subjects precedes duty. Second, in theory, the freedom of subjects is relative freedom. Third, the freedom of subjects and the rights of the sovereign are United in the purpose of the establishment of sovereignty. Sovereignty is based on natural law revealed by the combined action of passion and reason. There are two main ways to eliminate the threat to sovereignty from the dark kingdoms. First, it is necessary to establish a sound state system. Second, use the kingdom of God to maintain absolute sovereignty. therefore This paper mainly studies Hobbes' sovereignty thought by expounding the content of "Leviathan" sovereignty (What), analyzing "Leviathan" sovereignty legitimacy demonstration process (Why) and summarizing "Leviathan" reveals two ways of defending sovereignty, (How).
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D095
本文编号：2226297
[Abstract]:Hobbes' idea of sovereignty is complex and multifaceted. In order to understand Hobbes' thought of sovereignty, it is necessary to analyze Hobbes' personal experience and the background of Leviathan's writing. The aim of sovereignty is to achieve peace between subjects and to defend the common enemy. The way to realize the purpose of sovereignty is a series of processes of establishing the basic rights and obligations between the sovereign and the subjects by agreeing to make a contract to form a letter of agreement to authorize. The sovereign has a wide range of rights. These rights are essential elements of sovereignty. The sovereign also bears certain responsibilities. Sovereignty is unfettered, non-transferable and indivisible. The freedom of subjects has several characteristics. First, in fact, the freedom of subjects precedes duty. Second, in theory, the freedom of subjects is relative freedom. Third, the freedom of subjects and the rights of the sovereign are United in the purpose of the establishment of sovereignty. Sovereignty is based on natural law revealed by the combined action of passion and reason. There are two main ways to eliminate the threat to sovereignty from the dark kingdoms. First, it is necessary to establish a sound state system. Second, use the kingdom of God to maintain absolute sovereignty. therefore This paper mainly studies Hobbes' sovereignty thought by expounding the content of "Leviathan" sovereignty (What), analyzing "Leviathan" sovereignty legitimacy demonstration process (Why) and summarizing "Leviathan" reveals two ways of defending sovereignty, (How).
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D095
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