哈贝马斯的协商民主思想研究
发布时间：2018-09-17 19:20
【摘要】：西方资本主义社会在工业化进程中被一种断裂的文化精神所制约,作为主体的人并没有从自然的奴役中解放出来,日益盛行的理性主义文化成为了人交往利益化,压抑自由、扭曲价值的异化力量;在政治上代议制民主与自由式民主之间的割裂、分化在政治民主政治实践中突显出来的内在“基因缺陷”将民主带入绝对的现实困境之中。理性主义的文化危机与陷入困境中的政治危机成为资本主义社会突出的矛盾,要想从整体上认识、变革社会现实就得突破民主政治的障碍进行一场新的民主创新。哈贝马斯在汲取了卢梭、康德、韦伯等人的思想的基础上,立足于民主化浪潮的两大主流民主模式——代议制民主和自由式民主,提出突出人的主体间性的协商民主模式。哈贝马斯的协商民主主张公民基于道德普遍化原则规范下通过在政治公共领域的生活世界中对话、交流、自由辩论,协商一致,形成非正式的意见或意志,这些意见或意志进而通过正式的程序上升为合乎理性的法律。这为人类的民主发展开辟一条崭新道路。目前我国正处于由“发展中”向“后发展”社会转型的路口。转型之路利益纷争不断,矛盾重重,协商民主模式对于公民在理性交往基础上去共同协调利益关系,解决社会矛盾,规范政府和公民权力以及实现公民的话语解放具有非常重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:The western capitalist society is restricted by a broken cultural spirit in the process of industrialization. The human being as the subject has not been liberated from the enslavement of nature, and the increasingly prevailing rationalism culture has become the benefit of human communication and the suppression of freedom. The dissimilation power of distorting value, the disjunction between representative democracy and liberal democracy in politics, the inherent "genetic defect" which is highlighted in the practice of political democracy, brings democracy into the absolute realistic predicament. The cultural crisis of rationalism and the political crisis in predicament have become a prominent contradiction in capitalist society. If we want to understand the whole situation, we must break through the obstacles of democratic politics and carry on a new democratic innovation in order to change the social reality. On the basis of absorbing the thoughts of Rousseau, Kant, Weber and others, Habermas put forward the deliberative democracy model, which is prominent in the inter-subjectivity of human beings, based on the two main democratic modes of democratization: representative democracy and freestyle democracy. Habermas's consultative democracy advocates that citizens form an informal opinion or will through dialogue, exchange, free debate, consensus and consensus in the world of life in the political public sphere, based on the principle of moral universality. These opinions or will, in turn, rise to rational law through formal procedures. This opens a new way for the democratic development of mankind. At present, our country is at the intersection of social transition from "developing" to "developing". The path of transformation is characterized by numerous conflicts of interests. The model of deliberative democracy is for citizens to coordinate their interests and resolve social contradictions on the basis of rational communication. It is of great practical significance to standardize government and civil power and realize civil discourse liberation.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D091
本文编号：2246851
[Abstract]:The western capitalist society is restricted by a broken cultural spirit in the process of industrialization. The human being as the subject has not been liberated from the enslavement of nature, and the increasingly prevailing rationalism culture has become the benefit of human communication and the suppression of freedom. The dissimilation power of distorting value, the disjunction between representative democracy and liberal democracy in politics, the inherent "genetic defect" which is highlighted in the practice of political democracy, brings democracy into the absolute realistic predicament. The cultural crisis of rationalism and the political crisis in predicament have become a prominent contradiction in capitalist society. If we want to understand the whole situation, we must break through the obstacles of democratic politics and carry on a new democratic innovation in order to change the social reality. On the basis of absorbing the thoughts of Rousseau, Kant, Weber and others, Habermas put forward the deliberative democracy model, which is prominent in the inter-subjectivity of human beings, based on the two main democratic modes of democratization: representative democracy and freestyle democracy. Habermas's consultative democracy advocates that citizens form an informal opinion or will through dialogue, exchange, free debate, consensus and consensus in the world of life in the political public sphere, based on the principle of moral universality. These opinions or will, in turn, rise to rational law through formal procedures. This opens a new way for the democratic development of mankind. At present, our country is at the intersection of social transition from "developing" to "developing". The path of transformation is characterized by numerous conflicts of interests. The model of deliberative democracy is for citizens to coordinate their interests and resolve social contradictions on the basis of rational communication. It is of great practical significance to standardize government and civil power and realize civil discourse liberation.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D091
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