生产与治理:作为政治经济学视差的生命政治学

发布时间：2018-10-08 15:39

【摘要】：马克思主义的政治经济学批判已经成为对资本主义批判的最有力的武器之一,但是,政治经济学除了本身具有的生产式的意义之外,还有从古希腊的色诺芬和亚里士多德传承下来的治理意义,即从传统的家政学和政治学形成治理术。马克思的政治经济学批判虽然发现了政治经济学的秘密是将现实的政治性的生产关系颠倒为资本主义的经济规律,并试图通过政治经济学批判来摧毁用来束缚工人阶级的生产关系等一系列社会关系,将人还原为自由的人。而一个世纪之后的福柯则从治理层面发现,还原为个体的人仍然受制于资本主义机器,原因是,他们的身体和意识都是巨大的生命政治治理的产物,这样,要实现对资本主义的完整批判,我们既需要从生产范式上进行政治经济学批判,也需要从治理范式上进行生命政治学批判,政治经济学和生命政治学构成了资本主义社会实在的两个视差,在这两个视差的交错的平面上,资本主义社会才能真正敞开通向未来社会的道路。
[Abstract]:Marxist critique of political economy has become one of the most powerful weapons for criticizing capitalism. There is also the governance meaning inherited from Xenophen and Aristotle in ancient Greece, that is, from the traditional home economics and political science. Although Marx's critique of political economy discovered that the secret of political economics was to reverse the realistic political relations of production into the capitalist economic laws, It also tries to destroy a series of social relations, such as the relations of production used to bind the working class, and to restore people to freedom through political economic criticism. And a century later, Foucault found from the governance level that people who had been reduced to individuals were still subject to the capitalist machine, because their bodies and minds were the product of enormous life and political governance. In order to realize the complete critique of capitalism, we need to criticize the political economy from the production paradigm and the life politics from the governance paradigm. Political economics and life politics constitute two parallax of capitalist society. Only on the staggered plane of these two parallax can capitalist society really open its way to the future society.
【作者单位】：南京大学哲学系、马克思主义社会理论研究中心;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“马克思主义视野下的生命政治学批判”(16BZX016)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D0

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