孔子与马基雅维利的政治思想比较研究

发布时间：2018-10-16 19:24

【摘要】：孔子是中国历史上最有影响的思想家、教育家,是中国传统文化的主体—儒家哲学的创始人和理论原型的奠基人。他的思想与学说为中国文明乃至世界文明都做出了不朽的贡献。对孔子的研究是学术界乃至社会各界关注的焦点问题之一。马基雅维利可算作是政治哲学史上最有争议的思想家之一,对于他的理论,很多方面大家都有各自不同的理解,各执一词。正因于此,马基雅维利成为一个不解之谜。孔子与马基雅维利虽然在时空上分属于不同的时代和国度,但是在政治思想上却有很多值得联系和比较的地方。本文的整体结构为:第一章绪论,介绍了研究方法,国内外研究现状等。第二和第三章分别通过对孔子与马基雅维利的时代背景以及二者学说所肩负的历史使命进行分析,得出了二者虽然所处时代与社会状况不同,但是所面临的时代问题却是有一定相似性的,还分析了二位思想家各自政治思想的内容特点;第四章梳理了孔子与马基雅维利的政治思想:国家观,人性观与道德观,并对其做了比较与总结。本文试图揭示孔子与马基雅维利的政治思想的精髓。他们两个的这些理论在很大程度上超越了自己的时代,并且在当代任然有理论价值:孔子的思想是中国的经济和政治崛起的传统思想文化基础;马基雅维利主义同样在西方政治中占有一席之地。笔者主要注重把这两种理论比较分析,并得出结论,他们两者的思想对现代政治理念仍有重要的借鉴价值。
[Abstract]:Confucius is the most influential thinker and educator in the history of China. He is the founder of Confucian philosophy and the founder of the archetypal theory of Chinese traditional culture. His thought and doctrine have made immortal contribution to Chinese civilization and even to the world civilization. Machiavelli is one of the most controversial thinkers in the history of political philosophy. That is why Machiavelli became a mystery. Although Confucius and Machiavelli belong to different times and countries in time and space, there are many worthy of connection and comparison in political thought. The whole structure of this paper is as follows: the first chapter is introduction, introducing the research methods and the current research situation at home and abroad. The second and third chapters analyze the background of the times of Confucius and Machiavelli, and the historical mission of the two theories, and draw a conclusion that although the two are in different times and social conditions, However, the problems faced by the times are similar, and the content characteristics of the two thinkers' respective political thoughts are analyzed. Chapter four combs the political thoughts of Confucius and Machiavelli: state, humanity and morality. It is compared and summarized. To a large extent, these theories of the two of them transcend their own times, and still have theoretical value in the contemporary era: Confucius' thought is the traditional ideological and cultural foundation of China's economic and political rise; Machiavellianism also has a place in Western politics. The author mainly pays attention to the comparison and analysis of the two theories and draws the conclusion that their thoughts still have important reference value to the modern political idea.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D09

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