政府公共性面临的难题及其实现路径

发布时间：2018-11-21 07:30

【摘要】：公共性是政府的重要属性,但在传统公共行政发展历程中,公共性一直受到忽视和冷落。探究政府公共性的源泉与价值,剖析其存在的难题,并提出相应的对策和路径,对政府更好地体现服务职能、实现公共利益具有重要意义。人民主权论从根本上确证了政府公共性,成为其理论渊源,纳税于民为政府公共性提供了现实之基,公民的赋税成为政府开展活动、履行职能的重要物质保障。政府公共性具有重要的价值,它是政府合法性的基础、政府伦理性的归宿、政府工具性的指向。但在实现过程中,政府公共性也面临着难题,这既有理念上的偏差,又有实际中难以克服的客观因素,这些难题包括“公共人”角色受到挑战、效率至上对公共性的偏离、扩张自利性对公共性的冲击、公共性限度难以界定等四个方面。实现政府的公共性,首先要做到公开性,即做到政府职位的公开性、政府信息的公开性、公职人员财产收入的公开性,这种公开性保证了社会的公平正义,保证了公民享有充分的知情权和信息权,在与政府的博弈中实现平等性和独立性。其次,要通过公共精神的培育和熏陶来实现公共性,使公职人员拥有崇高的信仰和坚定的信念,公共精神主要包括服务精神、契约精神、公平正义精神、法治精神、民主精神。再次,以积极的对话实现公共性,摒弃独白式的政民关系,通过理性的交流、论辩和妥协形成公共意见,实现顺畅的互通渠道。第四,在公共物品多元供给中实现公共性,引入市场机制和非营利组织提供和生产公共物品,发挥三者的优势,弥补劣势,实现公共物品的有效供给,满足公众的不同需求。
[Abstract]:Publicity is an important attribute of government, but it has been neglected and neglected in the development of traditional public administration. It is of great significance for the government to better embody the service function and realize the public interest by probing into the source and value of the publicity of government, analyzing the problems existing in it, and putting forward the corresponding countermeasures and paths. The theory of people's sovereignty confirms the public nature of the government and becomes its theoretical origin. Paying taxes on the people provides a realistic foundation for the publicity of the government, and the taxation of citizens becomes an important material guarantee for the government to carry out its activities and perform its functions. Government publicity has important value. It is the foundation of government legitimacy, the destination of government ethics, and the direction of government tool. However, in the process of realization, the government's publicity also faces a difficult problem, which is not only the deviation of the concept, but also the objective factors which are difficult to overcome in practice. These difficulties include the challenge to the role of "public man", the deviation of efficiency from the publicity. Expansion of self-interest impact on the public, the limits of publicity is difficult to define four aspects. In order to realize the publicity of the government, we must first achieve the openness, that is, the openness of the government position, the openness of the government information, the openness of the property income of the public servants, which guarantees the fairness and justice of the society. It guarantees citizens the right to know and the right to information, and realizes equality and independence in the game with the government. Secondly, the public spirit should be cultivated and nurtured to realize the public nature and make the public officials have lofty belief and firm belief. The public spirit mainly includes the spirit of service, the spirit of contract, the spirit of fairness and justice, the spirit of rule of law, and the spirit of democracy. Thirdly, we should realize the publicity by positive dialogue, abandon the monologue relationship between the government and the people, form the public opinion through rational communication, debate and compromise, and realize the smooth communication channel. Fourth, in the multi-supply of public goods to achieve publicity, the introduction of market mechanisms and non-profit organizations to provide and produce public goods, give play to the advantages of the three, make up for weaknesses, realize the effective supply of public goods, meet the different needs of the public.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D035

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