陶铸国民:严复与中国启蒙运动——纪念严复诞辰160周年
发布时间：2018-11-28 09:57
【摘要】：甲午之后,严复从海军先驱到启蒙之父的转变,表征着洋务时代的终结和启蒙时代的开端。严复译介的进化论以一个变动的、进化的、竞争的新宇宙观世界观颠覆了古典中国的意义世界,并激发了国人救亡图存的民族主义和改革意识。严复"开民智"的启蒙主义,深刻地影响了清末和五四两代启蒙知识分子之"改造国民性"的思想。在近代中国思想史上,严复第一个发现"自由"的现代性核心意义。其"以自由为体,以民主为用"的西方文明观,超越洋务派的"中体西用"论和维新派的君主立宪主义,深刻地揭示了自由主义的本质。他通过翻译输入斯密的市场经济理论和经济自由主义、孟德斯鸠的宪政理论、密尔的自由理论等古典自由主义经典理论,其在中国传播自由主义学理居功至伟。其市场经济、法治政府、公民自由、民主政治等理论在改革时代大行其道,成为引导中国社会转型的重要思想资源。
[Abstract]:The transformation of Yan Fu from a navy pioneer to the father of the Enlightenment symbolized the end of the Westernization Age and the beginning of the Enlightenment era. Yan Fu's theory of evolution subverts the meaning world of classical China with a new world outlook of change, evolution and competition, and stimulates the nationalism and reform consciousness of saving the nation from the nation. Yan Fu's enlightening doctrine of "opening up the wisdom of the people" profoundly influenced the thought of transforming the national character of the enlightening intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty and the May fourth and fourth dynasties. In the history of modern Chinese thought, Yan Fu was the first to discover the modernity core meaning of "freedom". His western view of civilization, which regards freedom as the body and democracy as the use, transcends the Western-style theory of "the use of the Chinese and the West" and the constitutional monarchy of the reformists, and profoundly reveals the essence of liberalism. Through the translation of Smith's theory of market economy and economic liberalism Montesquieu's constitutional theory Mill's theory of freedom and other classical liberalism classical theories have made great contribution to the spread of liberalism in China. The theories of market economy, government ruled by law, civil liberties and democratic politics are popular in the reform era and become the important ideological resources to guide the transformation of Chinese society.
【作者单位】： 浙江大学国际文化学系;
【分类号】：D092
本文编号：2362515
[Abstract]:The transformation of Yan Fu from a navy pioneer to the father of the Enlightenment symbolized the end of the Westernization Age and the beginning of the Enlightenment era. Yan Fu's theory of evolution subverts the meaning world of classical China with a new world outlook of change, evolution and competition, and stimulates the nationalism and reform consciousness of saving the nation from the nation. Yan Fu's enlightening doctrine of "opening up the wisdom of the people" profoundly influenced the thought of transforming the national character of the enlightening intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty and the May fourth and fourth dynasties. In the history of modern Chinese thought, Yan Fu was the first to discover the modernity core meaning of "freedom". His western view of civilization, which regards freedom as the body and democracy as the use, transcends the Western-style theory of "the use of the Chinese and the West" and the constitutional monarchy of the reformists, and profoundly reveals the essence of liberalism. Through the translation of Smith's theory of market economy and economic liberalism Montesquieu's constitutional theory Mill's theory of freedom and other classical liberalism classical theories have made great contribution to the spread of liberalism in China. The theories of market economy, government ruled by law, civil liberties and democratic politics are popular in the reform era and become the important ideological resources to guide the transformation of Chinese society.
【作者单位】： 浙江大学国际文化学系;
【分类号】：D092
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