论新帝国主义的表现形式及其实质

发布时间：2019-05-23 14:25

【摘要】：“帝国主义”这个概念是在风云变幻的近代资本主义历史推演中逐步产生和向历史纵深化发展的一种现象。国内外学者普遍承认,“帝国主义”这个概念是在19世纪末、20世纪初的欧洲国家进行对外殖民开发时产生的。当然,在全球范围内特别是欧洲大陆上,有关“帝国主义”的各种观点和著作也在随着帝国主义对人类历史发展所产生的广泛影响而不断涌现,它们不但代表着各种政治势力的利益和主张,而且也反映出不同社会阶层的愿望和诉求。在这些著作中,列宁出版的《帝国主义是资本主义的最高阶段》一书对帝国主义的分析是最为精辟的。但是,当资本主义发展到现在,也有许多学者认为列宁对帝国主义的论述已经“过时”、“言之过早”或“言过其实”了。因此,在当今全球化背景下,对帝国主义新的表现形式及其实质进行探讨和研究,不仅可以进一步剖析垄断资本主义的经济关系,认清资本主义的本质和矛盾,而且也丰富了对马克思主义科学的帝国主义理论的理解和认识,对我国学术界有着极其重要的理论参考价值。笔者认为列宁讲帝国主义是“腐朽的”、“垂死的”,是指资本主义发展的一种趋势和过程。资本主义只不过是从最早的私人垄断发展到列宁所处的国家垄断时期,现在的资本主义是处于一种国际垄断时期。由于社会主义革命和世界民族革命运动的进行,使得以殖民统治为标志的旧的“帝国主义”时代已经终结,但这并不代表帝国主义历史的完结和帝国主义的彻底消亡。随着世界殖民体系的解体,“旧”帝国主义存在和演化发展的时空要素都已消亡,然而列宁所揭示出的帝国主义“最深厚基础的”垄断资本仍然存在,而且还在不断发展。因此,帝国主义者是绝不会就此退出历史舞台的,必然会寻找种种借口,制造种种舆论,披上合法和公正的外衣再度登场。于是,一种新型的帝国主义在其旧的老宅基上重新又发展起来了,帝国主义从旧的“殖民占领型”发展到了现在的“全球控制型”,即新帝国主义时期。但是,“新帝国主义”的相关论述迄今为止还未能形成一个完整的理论体系,有的多是一些专家、学者和媒体人的言论汇集,但是其对人类历史发展进程的影响却在不断深化。本文运用历史分析法、文献分析法和系统分析法,从新帝国主义的产生背景出发,探索和分析了新帝国主义产生的根源及其内涵,归纳和梳理了当今世界上主要的两种新帝国主义理论,以及在这些理论之下产生的各种主要观点；接着,又在此基础上系统的总结和分析了新帝国主义在政治、经济、军事和文化领域的表现形式；最后,笔者运用了大卫·哈维有关领土逻辑和资本逻辑的辩证分析法,从资本主义的最原始的动力——资本扩张出发,揭示出新帝国主义的实质是对广大发展中的民族国家的剥夺性积累,最终目标是对整个世界进行重构和整治。最终论证出,新帝国主义与旧帝国主义在本质上是一致的,还是一种剥夺性积累的帝国主义,是对“旧帝国主义”的扬弃。
[Abstract]:The concept of imperialism is a kind of phenomenon in the development of the historical deduction of the modern capitalism in the change of the wind. The scholars at home and abroad generally recognize that the concept of imperialism is produced in the end of the 19th century and the European countries in the beginning of the 20th century. Of course, the various views and works of the imperialism, especially on the continental Europe, are emerging from the wide influence of the imperialism on the development of human history. They not only represent the interests and opinions of various political forces, but also reflect the wishes and demands of different social strata. In these works, Lenin's publication of the "highest stage of capitalism" is the most incisive of the analysis of the imperialism. However, when the capitalism has developed to the present, many scholars believe that Lenin's discourse on imperialism is outdated, too early, or in fact. Therefore, in the context of the present globalization, the new forms of imperialism and its essence are discussed and studied, not only can the monopoly be further analyzed The author thinks that Lenin's theory of imperialism is the "decadent" and the "dying", which is a trend and process of the development of capitalism. The capitalism is only from the earliest private monopoly to the state monopoly period in which Lenin is located. The present capitalism is in an international monopoly period. Because of the socialist revolution and the movement of the world's national revolution, the old "imperialism" time has ended, but it does not represent the end of the history of imperialism and the complete extinction of the imperialism. With the disintegration of the world's colonial system, the historical and temporal elements of the development of the "old" imperialism have disappeared. However, the monopoly capital of the imperialist "deep-based", which is revealed by Lenin, is still and is still developing. Therefore, the imperialists are never going to exit the stage of history. Therefore, a new type of imperialism will never exit the historical stage. Therefore, a new type of imperialism is developed again on the old and old house base, and the imperialism is developed from the old "colonial occupation" to the present "global control type", that is, when the new imperialism However, the related discussion of the "new imperialism" has not yet formed a complete theoretical system. Some experts, scholars and the media people's comments come together, but their impact on the process of human history development is deepening. This paper, based on the background of the new imperialism, explores and analyzes the root causes and its contents of the new imperialism from the background of the new imperialism, and sums up and analyses the main viewpoints of the new imperialism in the political, economic, military and cultural fields. Finally, the author uses the dialectical analysis of the logic of the territory and the logic of the capital in the world, and reveals the essence of the new imperialism from the most primitive power _ capital expansion of capitalism. The ultimate goal is to reconstruct and control the whole world. Finally, it is proved that the new imperialism and the old imperialism are in essence the same.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D033.3

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