苏洵社会控制思想研究

发布时间：2019-05-31 16:14

【摘要】：苏洵身处北宋仁宗时期,国家积贫积弱之格局业已形成。天下士人皆著书立说,以表其忧国忧民之心,苏洵也是这诸多士人之一。针对北宋社会积贫积弱的情况,苏洵从哲学层面思考社会问题的根源。在苏洵心中,世界万物都由“道”产生。但是“道”并非人人能够把握,普通人只能见其表象而不知其内在,能将其完全把握之人必是“圣人”。在“性”与“情”的问题中,苏洵认为“性”“情”真正的区别并非是善恶,而是外在的表现形态,因此他主张对二者进行平等对待。对于“义”与“利”,苏洵同样认为二者并无好坏之分,坚持二者并重的主张。除哲学上进行思考外,苏洵还阐述了其社会控制思想。苏洵首先提出了其所希冀实现的社会控制目标,即“致至治”。为达到“致至治”的社会控制目标,苏洵强调关键在于“赖乎皇极”,亦即加强君主专制,同时要实行“威义并举”的控制措施以及“兵农合一”的保障。在苏洵的社会控制思想中,尤其强调对官吏与民众的控制。对于官吏,苏洵分别以御将、任相、选官三方面给出了自己的控制主张,以期解决北宋王朝的冗官问题,缓和北宋王朝的统治危机。而对于一般民众,苏洵则主张充分利用《诗》《书》《礼》《易》对百姓进行教化。其中,提出“以礼为明”的显性社会规范与“以易为幽”的隐性的神秘化规范相结合,实现对民众的有效控制,进而巩固王朝统治。
[Abstract]:Su Xun lived in the Northern Song Dynasty Renzong period, the state accumulated poverty and weakness pattern has been formed. All the scholars all over the world wrote books to express their concern for the country and the people, and Su Xun was also one of these many scholars. In view of the social poverty and weakness in the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Xun pondered the root causes of social problems from the philosophical point of view. In Su Xun's mind, everything in the world was produced by Tao. But not everyone can grasp Tao, ordinary people can only see its appearance and do not know its inner, and those who can fully grasp it must be "saints". In the problem of "sex" and "emotion", Su Xun believes that the real difference between "sex" and "emotion" is not good or evil, but external form of expression, so he advocates equal treatment of the two. As for righteousness and benefit, Su Xun also believed that there was no good or bad difference between the two, and insisted on the idea that both of them should be paid equal attention to. In addition to philosophical thinking, Su Xun also expounded his thought of social control. First of all, Su Xun put forward the social control goal that he hoped to achieve, that is, "to rule". In order to achieve the goal of social control of "leading to governance", Su Xun stressed that the key lies in "relying on the imperial pole", that is, strengthening the autocracy of the monarchy, at the same time, carrying out the control measures of "the combination of authority and justice" and the guarantee of "the unity of soldiers and peasants". In Su Xun's thought of social control, special emphasis is placed on the control of officials and the people. For the officials, Su Xun gave his own control ideas in three aspects: general, minister and official selection, in order to solve the problem of redundant officials in the Northern Song Dynasty and ease the ruling crisis of the Northern Song Dynasty. For the general public, Su Xun advocated making full use of the Book of propriety to educate the people. Among them, the explicit social norms of "propriety as the Ming Dynasty" are combined with the hidden mystical norms of "ease as the seclusion" to realize the effective control of the people and then consolidate the rule of the dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D092

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