对罗尔斯正义理论的回应与推进——森和努斯鲍姆的能力论
发布时间：2019-07-02 15:34
【摘要】：罗尔斯的公平的正义理论是当代政治哲学中最重要的正义理论。罗尔斯的理论是以契约论的方法推导的,正义原则实际上是对社会基本善进行分配的原则。然而,立约人只能是具有立约能力的理性人,因而罗尔斯的契约论限制了罗尔斯的正义视域,契约论方法以及理性人的社会合作体系致使其不把先天的残障人包含在正义问题范围内。阿玛蒂亚·森(Amartya Sen)和玛莎·努斯鲍姆(Martha Nussbaum)等人对于罗尔斯的方法论,对资源平等的分配正义问题提出批评,他们突破契约论的局限,提出了能力平等的方法论。他们从人的基本能力的前提出发,将基本善的分配转向能力平等,指出正义在于基本能力的实现,而非正义在于基本能力的不足,因此他们从罗尔斯的形式正义转向实质性的正义。同时他们也对于契约论不包括残障人的问题进行了尖锐的批评,罗尔斯回应了他们的批评,并仍坚持了自己的观点。
[Abstract]:Rawls' fair justice theory is the most important justice theory in contemporary political philosophy. Rawls' theory is deduced by contract theory, and the principle of justice is actually the principle of distributing the basic good of society. However, the contractor can only be a rational person with the ability to make a contract, so Rawls' contract theory limits Rawls' vision of justice, the method of contract theory and the social cooperation system of rational people, so that he does not include the innate disabled in the scope of justice. Amatyassen (Amartya Sen) and Martha Nussbaum (Martha Nussbaum) and others criticized Rawls' methodology and criticized the distribution justice of resource equality. They broke through the limitations of contract theory and put forward the methodology of ability equality. Starting from the premise of human basic ability, they turn the distribution of basic good to equal ability, and point out that justice lies in the realization of basic ability, while injustice lies in the deficiency of basic ability. Therefore, they change from Rawls' formal justice to substantive justice. At the same time, they also made sharp criticism of the contract theory, which does not include the disabled. Rawls responded to their criticism and insisted on his own point of view.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学哲学学院;
【基金】：北京市社会科学基金重点项目“西方正义伦理思想研究”(14ZXA001)
【分类号】：D0
本文编号：2509051
[Abstract]:Rawls' fair justice theory is the most important justice theory in contemporary political philosophy. Rawls' theory is deduced by contract theory, and the principle of justice is actually the principle of distributing the basic good of society. However, the contractor can only be a rational person with the ability to make a contract, so Rawls' contract theory limits Rawls' vision of justice, the method of contract theory and the social cooperation system of rational people, so that he does not include the innate disabled in the scope of justice. Amatyassen (Amartya Sen) and Martha Nussbaum (Martha Nussbaum) and others criticized Rawls' methodology and criticized the distribution justice of resource equality. They broke through the limitations of contract theory and put forward the methodology of ability equality. Starting from the premise of human basic ability, they turn the distribution of basic good to equal ability, and point out that justice lies in the realization of basic ability, while injustice lies in the deficiency of basic ability. Therefore, they change from Rawls' formal justice to substantive justice. At the same time, they also made sharp criticism of the contract theory, which does not include the disabled. Rawls responded to their criticism and insisted on his own point of view.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学哲学学院;
【基金】：北京市社会科学基金重点项目“西方正义伦理思想研究”(14ZXA001)
【分类号】：D0
【相似文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 杨豹;;论努斯鲍姆思想中的世界主义[J];社会科学;2012年12期
相关重要报纸文章 前1条
1 中国人民大学哲学院 于莲;可行能力方法具有两个版本[N];中国社会科学报;2014年
，本文编号：2509051
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/zhengzx/2509051.html
