《洙泗考信录》（卷三、四）平议

发布时间：2018-02-14 08:41

本文关键词： 《洙泗考信录》平议孔子过宋厄于陈蔡归鲁遗型　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：孔子是春秋末期的思想家和教育家，儒家学派的创始人，是集华夏上古文化之大成者。考证孔子生平事迹是进一步研究孔子思想及早期儒学的基础，孟子曰：“颂其诗，读其书，不知其人，可乎！”崔述正是本着“知人论世”之宗旨而撰写了《洙泗考信录》。该书以时间为线索，全面考证了孔子的一生的事迹。其论述不无创获，但问题也很多。例如，一味迷信经书而对诸子及其他传记材料妄加怀疑，这无疑造成为其考证过程中出现诸多局限的主要原因。基于此因，本文试图对其有问题的部分进行平议，以求公允客观。另外，《洙泗考信录》一书是研究孔子及儒学的重要著作，而对该书进行研究，对于推动孔子及儒学的研究具有一定意义。本文主要就其三、四两卷进行研究，涉及孔子周游列国至孔子逝世这一时间段的历史事件。对于每一章节，，先列古书中关于孔子的某一事件的记载，再列出崔述对其进行考辨的内容，最后再由笔者以按语的方式对崔述的论据及论点进行系统考辨。每一章的章题，原系顾颉刚在整理《崔东壁遗书》时所加，比较准确地概括崔述每一篇考证的具体内容，因此本文直接采用之。本文节选其中十九章进行研究和平议，而这十九章之间前后没有必然的逻辑关系。因此，限于摘要篇幅的限制而不能一一列出每一章的具体内容和结论，只能大体归纳一下本文写作所要解决的主要问题。通过对平议，笔者发现崔述《洙泗考信录》的问题重要有三种：第一，主观臆断和逻辑推理的成分较多，以至于妄下结论，说服力不够。对于这些问题，我们主要通过切实合理的材料来反驳之。第二，有一些是结论正确，但论据不足或所引论据本身是错误的。对于这种现象，我们或补充其论据，或纠正其错误论据。第三，他由思想的局限性所造成的迷信经书和过于推崇圣人形象而对一些有辱圣人形象的史料妄加批评的地方，我们则予以纠正，以期尽可能还原孔子真实的形象。当然，《洙泗考信录》中也不乏卓见和启人深思的地方。因此，笔者在写作过程中进一步做了总结和补充，做到真正的平议以力求公允。
[Abstract]:Confucius was a thinker and educator at the end of the Spring and Autumn period, the founder of the Confucian School, and a master of ancient Chinese culture. Textual research on Confucius' life and deeds is the basis for further study of Confucius thought and early Confucianism. Mencius said, "praise its poems and read its books. I don't know, but! "Cui Shu wrote" Su-si Kao Xin Lu "with the aim of" knowing the people and on the world ". The book takes time as a clue and comprehensively examines Confucius's life story. His exposition has not been without achievements, but there are many problems. For example, Blindly superstition of the classics and other biographical materials is doubtless the main reason for its limitations in the process of textual research. For this reason, this paper attempts to discuss the problematic parts of the book. In addition, the book "Su Si Kao Xin Lu" is an important work in the study of Confucius and Confucianism, and the study of this book has certain significance for promoting the study of Confucius and Confucianism. This paper mainly studies the historical events between the countries of Confucius Zhou You and the death of Confucius. For each chapter, it first lists the records of an event of Confucius in ancient books. Then it lists the contents of Cui Shu's examination and argument, and finally the author systematically examines Cui's arguments and arguments by means of notes. The chapter title of each chapter was originally added by Gu Jiegang when sorting out Cui Dongbi's suicide note. More accurate summary Cui each textual research specific content, therefore this article uses it directly. In this paper, 19 chapters are selected for research and discussion, and there is no necessary logical relationship between the 19 chapters. Therefore, the specific contents and conclusions of each chapter can not be listed one by one due to the limitation of the length of the summary. We can only generalize the main problems to be solved in this paper. On the basis of the discussion, the author finds that there are three important problems in Cui Shu's "Su Si Kao Xin Lu": first, there are so many elements of subjective supposition and logical reasoning that they are not convincing enough to jump to conclusions. We refute it mainly through practical and reasonable material. Secondly, some conclusions are correct, but the arguments are inadequate or the arguments cited are wrong. For this phenomenon, we either add their arguments or correct them. Third, In order to restore the true image of Confucius, we correct the superstition and scripture caused by the limitation of his thoughts and his overpraise of the image of the sage and criticize some historical materials which dishonor the image of the sage in order to restore the true image of Confucius as much as possible. Of course, there are also many insights and thought-provoking points in Su-si. Therefore, the author made a further summary and supplement in the process of writing, so as to achieve a true level of discussion in order to strive for fairness.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K206

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