《月令》祛疑——兼论政令、农书分离趋势

发布时间：2018-03-14 11:24

本文选题：《月令》　切入点：太史　出处：《学术月刊》2016年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：《月令》最初创制者不是儒家学者,是汉代戴圣将它编入《礼记》才成为儒家经典,但它并无典型的儒家思想,其礼仪也非儒家的礼仪,撰述语言与先秦儒家著述差异很大,可以肯定不是秦汉时期所著。《月令》以政令为核心,将阴阳五行、物候、星象历法等内容紧密联成一体,体现出王朝"法令"的特色。《月令》与《夏小正》一样,属于政令性文献。从《月令》所载物候来判断,它应该是战国时期黄河中下游地区诸侯国的太史所著。秦汉以降,太史职权变迁,地位下降,因此再也没有出现类似《月令》那样的著述。原来那种政令、阴阳五行、物候、星象历法混为一体的"月令"转而分别形成律令、农书、阴阳五行等类型的著述,而后世"月令"则以法令、诏书的形式颁布,从学术史角度来观察,相对单纯的有关农事的著述——农书——秦汉之后发展成为独立的门类。
[Abstract]:The original creator of "Yue Ling" was not a Confucian scholar, but it was Dai Sheng of the Han Dynasty who incorporated it into the Book of Rites to become a Confucian classic. However, it had no typical Confucian thought, and its etiquette was not Confucian etiquette, so the writing language was very different from the Confucian writings of the Pre-Qin Dynasty. Certainly not written in the Qin and Han dynasties. The "moon order" is centered on the political order, closely unifying the contents of Yin and Yang, the five elements, phenology, and the astrological calendar, which embodies the characteristics of the "decree" of the dynasty. "the order of the moon" is the same as "Xia Xiaozheng". It belongs to the literature of government orders. Judging from the phenology contained in "Yue Ling", it should be the work of the imperial states in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River during the warring States period. Therefore, there is no such writing as "lunar decree". The original "lunar order", which is a mixture of political decrees, yin and yang five elements, phenology, and astrological calendar, has been transformed into legal orders, agricultural books, yin and yang five elements, and other types of writings. In the form of decrees and imperial edict, from the point of view of academic history, the monumental order of later generations developed into an independent category after the relatively simple writings on agriculture-agricultural books-Qin and Han dynasties.
【基金】：2012年度国家社科基金重大招标项目“中国礼制变迁及其现代价值研究”(12&ZD134)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K892.9

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