清乾嘉年间西方“技艺之人”驻广州十三行商馆经理人

发布时间：2018-03-14 22:06

本文选题：乾嘉年间　切入点：“技艺之人”　出处：《浙江师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：清乾隆、嘉庆年间,在北京为清政府服务的西方"技艺之人"在广州十三行商馆设立了经理人,其职责是为他们转递来往于欧洲与北京间的书信、物品,并向中国政府推荐新的技艺人才。这种代理人最初是在清政府禁传天主教、广州一口通商以及澳葡当局取缔耶稣会的背景下,由乾隆帝批准设立的,在嘉庆朝早中期延续了下来。共有8位这样的经理人入驻过十三行商馆,各人停留的时间长短不一,其中5位得到了清政府的批准。由于来自法国的"技艺之人"受到澳门葡萄牙人的打压,对在广州设立自己的代表有着最为迫切的需要,因此广州经理人制度的建立与人员的变更主要与他们有关。广州经理人的设立表明,广州十三行不仅是1757-1842年清代一口通商时期中外经济往来最主要的场所,而且也是那一时期中西文化交往链条上最为重要的环节。
[Abstract]:During the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty, Western "artisans" who served the Qing government in Beijing set up managers at the Guangzhou 13 Trade Hall, whose duty was to transmit letters and articles to and from Europe and Beijing. He recommended new technical talents to the Chinese government. The agent was initially established by Emperor Qianlong under the background of the Qing government's ban on Catholicism, trade in Guangzhou and the ban of the Jesuits by the Portuguese and Australian authorities. In the early and middle of the Jiaqing Dynasty, a total of eight of these managers have been in the 13 pavilions, each of whom has stayed for different periods of time. Five of them were approved by the Qing government. Because the "craftsman" from France was oppressed by the Portuguese in Macao, there was an urgent need to set up their own representative in Guangzhou. Therefore, the establishment of Guangzhou manager system and the change of personnel are mainly related to them. The establishment of Guangzhou manager shows that Guangzhou 13 line is not only the most important place for Chinese and foreign economic exchanges in the Qing Dynasty from 1757 to 1842. And it was also the most important link in the chain of Chinese and Western cultural communication in that period.
【作者单位】：韩山师范学院历史文化学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金后期资助项目“江南城镇通史”(15FZS007)
【分类号】：K249.3

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