近代中国史上“文艺复兴”之梦的意涵

发布时间：2018-04-26 01:40

本文选题：启蒙理性 + 文艺复兴　；参考：《华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年04期

【摘要】：近代中国的启蒙运动包含对理性的信心和怀疑双重的关怀。晚清时期的知识分子,用"文学复兴"这一词语来构筑中国特有的启蒙话语。他们把政教一元的观念转变为近代形态的同时,将日本福泽谕吉在1870年前后的启蒙话语以及1879年之后的现代化话语作为参考框架,对中国的国家及学术所展开的启蒙运动提供了可靠的合法性。这个趋势,到了1920年梁启超发表《清代学术概论》之后,发生了革命性的变化。梁启超围绕"文艺复兴"之梦的解释模式,奠定了"中华性"或"中国性"的文化身份认同。这种文化身份认同的确立将会给后代的思想环境提供创建近代民族国家的理据,与此同时,也带来了启蒙理性的另一种含义,即权力框架与话语霸权。然而,在晚清民初中西文化交往的特殊背景下,近代中国知识分子对启蒙理性保持信仰的同时,不得不承担批判启蒙理性的责任。所以,梁启超模式奠定中国文化身份认同之后,反思这一模式的探索就开始了。从1920年以降的思想里,我们可以看到对"文艺复兴"之梦的一系列的解构过程。胡适、徐志摩、蒙文通的论述乃是代表这一解构过程的思想挑战:他们分别对理性的历史、理性的权力、理性的话语提出了严肃的质疑,他们所做的这些思想探求正在构成中国近现代思想史的主旋律。
[Abstract]:The Enlightenment Movement in modern China contains dual concern for reason and doubt. The intellectuals of the late Qing Dynasty used the term "literature rejuvenation" to construct the unique enlightening discourse of China. While transforming the monistic concept of politics and religion into a modern form, they took the enlightening discourse of FukuzawaYukichi in Japan around 1870 and the modern discourse after 1879 as the frame of reference. The Enlightenment provided reliable legitimacy to China's state and academic institutions. This trend, by 1920 Liang Qichao published the academic introduction to the Qing Dynasty, revolutionary changes have taken place. Liang Qichao established the cultural identity of "Chinese" or "Chinese" around the interpretation mode of "Renaissance" dream. The establishment of this kind of cultural identity will provide the ideological environment for future generations with the rationale for the creation of a modern nation-state. At the same time, it will also bring another meaning of enlightenment rationality, namely, the power framework and discourse hegemony. However, under the special background of the cultural exchanges between China and the West in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, modern Chinese intellectuals maintained their faith in enlightenment rationality and had to bear the responsibility of criticizing Enlightenment rationality at the same time. Therefore, Liang Qichao model established the Chinese cultural identity, the reflection of this model began to explore. In 1920, we can see a series of deconstruction of the dream of Renaissance. Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo, and Meng Wentong's expositions represent the ideological challenge of this process of deconstruction: they have raised serious questions about the history of reason, the power of reason, and the discourse of reason, respectively. Their exploration of these thoughts is forming the main melody of the modern Chinese ideological history.
【作者单位】：日本神户大学大学院;
【分类号】：K203

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