论明代南直隶兵防体制的演变

发布时间：2018-05-05 07:45

本文选题：明代 + 南直隶　；参考：《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2016年06期

【摘要】：南直隶即留都南京,为明朝财经重心、政治副中心和军事重镇。其兵防体制历经前期首都变留都、中叶操巡江统合、嘉靖防倭与文官提督扩权、晚期四子防区定型四阶段。因应迁都,形成守备班子统率常设京营负责城防,而城防兵力有所削弱、其他卫所兵力有所增强,但前者仍主操守,后者则多役于屯与运。因备倭,海防归入直浙闽备倭都指挥统辖。正统后,海道宁息,三地分设备倭。明中叶沿江治安恶化,始以南京副或佥都御史提督操江兼巡江,统合江海防,镇戍营兵制和以文统武体制初步成型。嘉靖中,因防倭,该体制全面展开,南北巡抚获提督军务权,参赞尚书获统合全南直军事权。倭平后,文臣提督权被制度化,参赞尚书统合四子防区体制延续至明末。
[Abstract]:Nanzhili is the capital of Nanjing, the center of finance and economics in the Ming Dynasty, political center and military center. Its defense system experienced the capital changed to stay in the capital in the early period, in the middle of the period to patrol the river, Jiajing to protect the Japanese and the civilian governor to expand the power, the late four stages of the formation of the four sub-defense areas. In response to the relocation of the capital, a garrison team was formed to lead the permanent Beijing battalion to take charge of the city defense, while the city defense force was weakened, and the strength of other security offices was increased, but the former was still responsible for conduct, while the latter was heavily engaged in transportation and transportation. Due to the preparation of Japanese, coastal defense into Zhejiang, Fujian to prepare for the command and jurisdiction of the city. After orthodoxy, sea peace interest, three points of equipment. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the public order along the river deteriorated, and then the deputy or legitimate Nanjing took charge of the river and inspected the river, integrating the river and sea defense, the town garrison system and the United military system. Jiajing, as a result of the prevention of Japan, the system was fully developed, the governor of the North-South Governor of military authority, Counsellor Shang Shu was integrated with the South straight military power. After Japan, the minister was institutionalized, Counsellor Shang Shu integrated the four sub-defense system to the end of the Ming Dynasty.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学明清史研究所;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题“中西文明历史经验中的公共社会价值观研究”(11QN053),项目负责人:赵轶峰
【分类号】：K248

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