论中国历史上的三次制度设计

发布时间：2018-05-06 02:32

本文选题：制度设计 + 周代制度　；参考：《北方论丛》2016年01期

【摘要】：自三代始,迄于近代,上下四千年。其间,制度设计之事,史不绝书。然而,择其具有原创意义、影响中国历史进程的制度设计,主要有三次,分别出现在周代、秦朝和近代。在中国文化语境中,古代制度设计权属于王和圣,虽为价值有涉,但也使"天下为家"体现出"天下为公"的理想。前两次制度设计以家天下政治为核心,先后形成了王制和帝制的模式;近代以孙中山为首的民族资产阶级的制度设计,效仿法、美模式,开启中国民主制度的先河,奠定了中国政治的基本方向。从历史背景、设计者及思想来源、系统性、创新性、本质性和对外影响来比较,三次制度设计既有相同性也存在着本质差别。三次制度设计对中国历史的进程有重要影响,可以作为中国历史上时代划分的标志。三次制度设计皆发生在中国历史转折时期,其影响之深远,意义之重大,留下了宝贵的历史经验、启示和借鉴。
[Abstract]:From the beginning of the three generations, up to the modern times, up and down four thousand years. During this period, the design of the system, history is endless. However, the system design, which has the original meaning and influences the course of Chinese history, mainly appears three times in Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty and modern times. In the context of Chinese culture, the right of ancient system design belongs to Wang Hesheng. Although it is related to value, it also makes "the world for the family" to embody the ideal of "the world for the public". The first two institutional designs focused on the politics of home and the world, and successively formed the models of monarchy and monarchy. In modern times, the design of the national bourgeoisie, led by Sun Zhongshan, followed the pattern of law and the United States, thus opening up the first stage of China's democratic system. The basic direction of Chinese politics has been laid down. Compared with the historical background, designers and ideological sources, systematization, innovation, essence and external influence, the three times system design has both the same and essential differences. The third system design has an important influence on the process of Chinese history and can be used as a symbol of the division of times in Chinese history. Three times of system design occurred in the turning period of Chinese history, which has profound influence and great significance, and has left valuable historical experience, enlightenment and reference.
【作者单位】：安徽大学历史系;
【分类号】：K207

【共引文献】