商帮探源述流

发布时间：2018-11-04 08:49

【摘要】：本文探讨了“商帮”产生的源流及其后来的流变。自唐代起,中国货运业中就存在“纲”的形式,宋元明时代,官私海外贸易一直以“纲”的组织形式进行。明代嘉靖后期海外贸易中出现的“客纲”,将客商与纲结合在一起,是地域商人在经商活动中的外在组织形式;万历后期起各地盐运业中采用的“纲运法”,从形式上和内容上为“商帮”名称的产生提供了前提。到清前期,福建盐运业分地区为商纲承运盐斤,商纲被称为“商帮”,“商帮”之名正式产生。只是这样的“商帮”,是以行盐的方向或地域来称帮的,与后来称某地的商人群体为帮还不完全相同。清末民初,乃直接有“商帮”的说法,“商帮”普遍出现在文献记载中。这样的“商帮”,在清末各地成立商会时,成为组成商会的基础。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the origin of the "Shang Gang" and its later evolution. Since the Tang Dynasty, there has been a form of "outline" in China's freight industry. During the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, official and private overseas trade has been organized in the form of "Gang". In the late Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, the "guest outline" appeared in the overseas trade, which combined the merchants with the outline, which was the external organization form of the regional businessmen in their business activities. From the later stage of Wanli, the "Gang Transport Law" adopted in salt transportation industry in various places provided the premise for the emergence of the name of "Shang Gang" in form and content. In the early Qing Dynasty, the salt transport industry in Fujian Province carried salt jins for the Shang Gang, which was called the "Shang Gang", and the name of the "Shang Gang" came into being. However, this kind of "business group" is called "help" in the direction or region of salt, and it is not exactly the same as the group of merchants who later called it a certain place. In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, there was a direct view of the "Shang Gang", which generally appeared in the literature records. Such a "business group", in the late Qing Dynasty when the establishment of chambers of commerce, become the basis for the formation of chambers of commerce.
【作者单位】：
【分类号】：K207

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