论宗教批判在马克思理论形成中的作用

发布时间：2017-12-31 10:10

本文关键词：论宗教批判在马克思理论形成中的作用　出处：《北京交通大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 基督教对于西方文明产生了深远而无比巨大的影响,没有人能够脱离开它来理解西方文化。作为西方文明孕育的一代思想巨匠,马克思的思想既与基督教有着难以割舍的联系,亦存在根本的差异。虽然宗教批判不是马克思理论的主旨,但是,马克思的宗教批判却是马克思理论形成的一个关键所在。马克思的宗教批判不是一个简单的抛弃,而是一个扬弃的过程,一方面,马克思完全否定了虚幻的、与现实分离的基督教的天国,通过对现实资本主义社会经济制度的批判,将共产主义思想置于现实的、历史的基础之上。另一方面,对作为一种世界观性质的宗教的批判,构成了马克思理论的一部分。本文以马克思的宗教批判为视角,以时间为线索,立足于文本研究,将马克思对宗教的批判作了一个比较全面、比较系统的考察,试图阐述宗教批判在马克思理论形成中的作用。首先,疏理了近代西方哲学史、思想史,论述了马克思宗教批判的时代背景和思想来源,企图将马克思宗教批判纳入到宏大的近代西方哲学史的背景之中,为从宗教批判的角度理解马克思思想的形成作一个必要的理论铺垫。接着,疏理了马克思对宗教批判的历程。我们可以清楚的看到,马克思对宗教批判的过程,也是一步进一步地向唯物史观接近,并最终创立的过程。而向唯物史观的每一步接近,同时又反过来加深了马克思对宗教的批判。最后,我们认为,在马克思思想形成的脉络中,一条清晰的线索就是对宗教的批判,宗教批判为我们提供了一条理解马克思思想形成的新的理论视角和新的思考方式。马克思对宗教的批判是他全部批判的前提,对宗教的批判推动着他完成了人的理论即历史唯物主义理论,也推动着他完成了人的解放理论,即共产主义理论。从马克思的宗教批判来看,马克思思想的形成是马克思蓬勃的激情、敏锐的才华与近代西方哲学发展历程中诸多因素共同决定的逻辑与现实结果,具有特殊而丰富的理论意义与现实意义。
[Abstract]:Christianity has a profound and unparalleled influence on Western civilization. No one can understand Western culture without it. Marx's thought not only has the hard connection with Christianity, but also has the fundamental difference. Although the religious criticism is not the main idea of Marx's theory, but. Marx's religious criticism is a key to the formation of Marx's theory. Marx's religious criticism is not a simple abandonment, but a process of sublation. On the one hand, Marx completely denied the illusory. Separated from reality, the Christian kingdom of heaven, through the criticism of the social and economic system of realistic capitalism, puts the communist thought on the basis of reality and history. On the other hand. The criticism of religion as a world-outlook constitutes a part of Marx's theory. In this paper, Marx's religious criticism as a visual angle, time as a clue, based on the text study, Marx's criticism of religion made a more comprehensive, more systematic investigation. This paper attempts to expound the role of religious criticism in the formation of Marx's theory. Firstly, it dissolves the history of modern western philosophy and ideology, and discusses the background and ideological source of Marx's religious criticism. This paper attempts to bring Marx's religious criticism into the background of the grand modern history of western philosophy and make a necessary theoretical foundation for understanding the formation of Marx's thought from the angle of religious criticism. We can clearly see that Marx's process of religious criticism is a step closer to historical materialism. Finally, we believe that in the context of the formation of Marx's thought, every step of historical materialism is close to each step, and at the same time it deepens Marx's criticism of religion. A clear clue is the criticism of religion, which provides us with a new theoretical perspective and a new way of thinking to understand the formation of Marx's thought. Marx's criticism of religion is the premise of all his criticism. The criticism of religion has pushed him to complete the theory of man, that is, historical materialism theory, but also to push him to complete the theory of human liberation. From Marx's religious criticism, the formation of Marx's thought is Marx's vigorous passion. The sharp talent and the logic and realistic results determined by many factors in the development of modern western philosophy have special and rich theoretical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：A811;B978

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