善巧方便:当代佛教团体在中国城市的发展

发布时间：2018-03-17 03:19

本文选题：城市化　切入点：佛教团体　出处：《学海》2014年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于在北京、昆明两地获得的田野资料,本文对当代佛教在城市中的发展进行了分析,聚焦于变迁与融合。在变迁方面,佛教在城市形成了新的实践形态,从传统的非聚会型宗教向聚会型宗教发展;聚会地点不局限于寺庙,而是多藏于民居,甚至栖身写字楼;聚会时间也由传统的初一、十五改为每周聚会;甚至有学佛小组创办了类似基督教主日学校的儿童读经班。同时,佛教的传教性格也开始变得积极,佛教精英熟练运用现代传媒工具广结善缘。这些变迁反应了城市的时空环境、现代生活节奏以及宗教竞争对佛教的形塑,同时也折射出佛教本身的柔软身段。与这些变迁相伴而行的,是佛教团体对一些传统的坚守,比如在度人时避免让初学者陷入非此即彼的困境,我们将此种策略成为"渐进性严格";又比如淡化排他性从而增加佛教与外部社会的融合程度。在变迁与坚守的背后,我们隐约可见一致的行动逻辑,那就是善巧方便,以适当的方式饶益众生。
[Abstract]:Based on the field data obtained in Beijing and Kunming, this paper analyzes the development of contemporary Buddhism in the city, focusing on the change and integration. In the aspect of change, Buddhism has formed a new practice form in the city. From the traditional non-gathering religion to the gathering religion; the gathering place is not limited to the temple, but more hiding in the folk residence, even living in the office building, the meeting time also changed from the traditional first day, 15 to the weekly gathering; There are even groups of Buddhists who have set up classes like Christian Sunday schools for children to read scriptures. At the same time, Buddhism's missionary character has also become active. The Buddhist elite is skilled in using modern media tools to form a good relationship. These changes reflect the shaping of Buddhism by the city's spatio-temporal environment, the rhythm of modern life, and religious competition. It also reflects the softness of Buddhism itself. These changes are accompanied by the adherence of Buddhist groups to traditions, such as avoiding getting beginners into the "one or the other" dilemma. We call this strategy "progressive rigour"; for example, by playing down exclusivity and thereby increasing the degree of integration of Buddhism with external society. Behind changes and adherence, we can vaguely see a consistent logic of action, that is, dexterity and convenience. To benefit all living beings in an appropriate manner.
【作者单位】：北京大学社会学系;
【基金】：北京大学“李斌社会学基金” 教育部人文社会科学研究2011年度一般项目“变迁社会中的政教关系”支持
【分类号】：B947

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