简论中国的宗教与宗教学

发布时间：2018-03-23 22:13

本文选题：中国宗教　切入点：儒家宗教性　出处：《天津社会科学》2016年01期

【摘要】：中国有没有宗教?儒家是不是宗教?儒、道、佛三教之间到底有没有一种共融的信仰形式?这一系列颇有价值的"现代性"问题是我们开展华人宗教研究时首先需要回答的。通过对"中国无宗教"、"儒家非宗教"陈说的总结和分析,可以知道中国人的思想、文化和哲学充满了各种"宗教性",置汉族人的宗教生活于不顾,试图说明整个"中华文化"传统,或者说改造出一个现代"精神文明"体系,肯定是不可能的。"五四"后学者按西方基督宗教的定义,提出的"中国人宗教意味淡薄,中国文化缺乏宗教"的说法需要反省。中国宗教虽然在教义、教会等形式上不如西方亚伯拉罕宗教那样突出,但在祭祀、庙会、法会等形式上却更胜一筹。中国近代传统的历史研究,包括思想史、文化史、经学史、文学史、地方史,甚至经济史中都有很多宗教课题的研究。目前的宗教研究亟须一种综合性的整体研究,即将"中国宗教"作为一个整体看待,不分儒、道、佛,结合文、史、哲,兼及社、法、经等多学科,建立一门真正独立的"宗教学",对"中国宗教"加以系统的研究。
[Abstract]:Is there a religion in China? Is Confucianism a religion? Is there a form of integration between Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism? This series of valuable questions of "modernity" is the first question we need to answer when we carry out the study of Chinese religion. Through the summary and analysis of the Chen's statements of "China has no religion" and "Confucian non-religion", we can know the thinking of the Chinese people. Culture and philosophy are full of all kinds of "religious nature", regardless of the religious life of the Han people, trying to explain the whole "Chinese culture" tradition, or to transform a modern "spiritual civilization" system. It is certainly impossible. According to the definition of Western Christian religion after the May 4th Movement, scholars put forward the saying that "Chinese religion is weak and Chinese culture lacks religion". Although Chinese religion is in the doctrine, The church is not as prominent as the Western Abraham religion, but it is superior in the forms of sacrifice, temple fairs, and legalism. The historical study of Chinese modern traditions, including the history of thought, culture, classics, literature, and local history, There are even many religious studies in economic history. At present, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive and holistic study of religion, that is, "Chinese religion" being treated as a whole, regardless of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, combination of literature, history, philosophy, community, and law. A truly independent "religion" has been established and systematically studied on "Chinese religion".
【作者单位】：复旦大学哲学学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“比较经学与宗教间对话研究”(项目号:13&ZD074)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B92

【共引文献】