“鲧化玄鱼”与鸱尾的起源及演变

发布时间：2018-04-14 08:16

本文选题：鸱尾 + 鲧　；参考：《民族艺术研究》2016年04期

【摘要】：鸱尾是中国古代建筑中使用非常广泛的一种装饰符号,它除了具有美学价值外,还具有极强的巫术意味。鸱尾在一些具有宗教或政治意义的建筑上作为装饰品,表明它和权力、宗教之间的象征关系。鸱尾最早的功利目的是厌火,但在其演变、发展的历史中,鸱尾又具有了权力象征、宗教、预兆、避雷、黑巫术方面的意义。鸱尾(鸱吻)的原形极可能是我国古代越人所崇拜的鲸鱼,而鲸鱼在神话中正是上古治水英雄鲧所化的玄鱼。鸱尾的制作及人们对其厌胜作用的信仰,受益于鲧化玄鱼神话的有力支撑;制作和信仰鸱尾的行为,又强化了起源神话的神圣性和信实性。作为一种视觉交流符号,鸱尾的存在强化了民众对上古宗教的信仰。现实经验和想象经验共同构建了鸱尾在巫术、艺术和技术方面的特质。鸱尾的形象几经演化,不断地被历史文化系统加入新的意义,成为一种源远流长的象征符号。
[Abstract]:Owl tail is a very widely used decorative symbol in ancient Chinese architecture. It has not only aesthetic value but also strong witchcraft meaning.The tail of owl is used as an ornament on some buildings of religious or political significance, indicating the symbolic relationship between it and power, religion.The earliest utilitarian purpose of owl's tail is to hate fire, but in its evolution and development history, owl tail has the meaning of power symbol, religion, omen, lightning protection and black witchcraft.The original form of owl's kiss is probably the whale worshipped by the Yue people in ancient China, and the whale is precisely the metaphysical fish of Gun, the ancient water hero in mythology.The production of owl's tail and the people's belief in its disgust benefit from the strong support of Gun's mythology of metaphysical fish and the behavior of production and belief of owl's tail, which strengthens the sanctity and faithfulness of origin myth.As a visual communication symbol, the presence of owl strengthens people's belief in ancient religion.Realistic experience and imagination experience together construct the characteristics of owl in witchcraft, art and technology.After several evolution, the image of owl has been added to the historical and cultural system and become a symbol with a long history.
【作者单位】：云南大学艺术与设计学院;
【基金】：“云南大学青年英才培育计划”资助~~
【分类号】：TU238;B933

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