犹太人的“回归圣经”——19世纪圣经学术史上的一个有趣现象

发布时间：2018-04-21 14:46

本文选题：回归圣经 + 犹太启蒙运动　；参考：《学海》2017年05期

【摘要】：旧约圣经是古代犹太人创造的经典,也是其信仰之源与生活之道。但在犹太人流亡欧洲时期,《塔木德》逐渐取代了圣经,成为犹太人信仰的基础,与圣经原典发生偏离。直到18世纪下半叶,以门德尔松为代表的德国犹太启蒙主义者为更好地融入西方社会,乃复兴民族文化遗产,试图唤起犹太人对圣经的兴趣,开始重译圣经。19世纪,一些欧洲犹太学者在欧洲现代圣经批评日新月异而犹太人对圣经知之甚少的语境下,倡导"回归圣经"。其意义既包括"回归圣典",即研读与阐释圣经文本;也包括"回归圣经时代",即复兴或重建圣经时代的某种历史与精神特质。
[Abstract]:The Old Testament is a classic created by ancient Jews, and also a source of faith and a way of life. But in the period of Jewish exile in Europe, Talmud gradually replaced the Bible and became the basis of Jewish faith, which deviated from the original Bible. It was not until the second half of the 18th century that the German Jewish Enlightenment represented by Mendelssohn, in order to better integrate into Western society, revived the national cultural heritage, tried to arouse the interest of the Jews in the Bible, and began to retranslate the Bible in the 19th century. Some European Jewish scholars advocate "return to the Bible" in the context of modern European biblical criticism and Jewish knowledge of the Bible. Its meaning includes not only the "return to the Holy Bible", that is, the study and interpretation of the Bible text, but also the "return to the Bible era", that is, the revival or reconstruction of a certain historical and spiritual characteristic of the Bible era.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院外国文学研究所;
【基金】：中国社会科学院创新工程项目“希伯来圣经学术史研究”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B985

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