16世纪欧洲基督教徒的奥斯曼观念探析

发布时间：2018-05-11 20:54

本文选题：欧洲基督教徒 + 奥斯曼帝国　；参考：《世界历史》2017年02期

【摘要】：19世纪后,欧洲基督教徒将奥斯曼帝国主要视为"欧洲病夫"。然而,在近代早期,尤其是16世纪,当奥斯曼帝国在欧洲扩张达到顶峰时,欧洲基督教徒的奥斯曼观念是多元和复杂的。负面观念包括"世界的恐怖""上帝之鞭"和敌人等,正面观念也不容忽视,有强大、秩序良好和体制高效等,甚至有些欧洲势力将奥斯曼人视为其在基督教世界内部政治、商业和宗教斗争中可资利用的工具或盟友。这些观念根植于欧洲基督徒对伊斯兰教来源已久的敌视、奥斯曼帝国的实力优势和对欧洲的威胁、欧洲国家间的相互冲突和近代世俗主义政治的发展。在一定程度上,欧洲基督教徒的奥斯曼观念也是欧洲在自我定位和建构自我认知过程中,将奥斯曼人作为参照物对比后产生的心理映象。
[Abstract]:After the 19 th century, European Christians regarded the Ottoman Empire mainly as the "sick man of Europe." However, in the early modern times, especially in the 16th century, when the Ottoman Empire reached its peak in Europe, the Ottoman ideas of European Christians were diverse and complex. Negative views include "world terror," the whip of God, "and enemies. Positive ideas cannot be ignored. They are strong, orderly, and efficient. Some European forces even regard the Ottomans as their internal politics in the Christian world. A tool or ally available in commercial and religious struggles. These ideas are rooted in the long-standing hostility of European Christians to Islam, the power superiority and threat to Europe of the Ottoman Empire, the conflict between European countries and the development of modern secularism. To a certain extent, the Ottoman concept of European Christians is also a psychological reflection of the comparison of the Ottomans as a reference in the process of self-orientation and self-cognition in Europe.
【作者单位】：西北大学历史学院;
【基金】：陕西省社会科学基金项目“奥斯曼帝国对欧洲崛起的影响(1520—1606年)”(批准文号:12H032) 陕西省教育厅科研计划项目“奥斯曼扩张对近代早期欧洲国际体系转变的影响(1453—1648年)”(批准文号:12JK0185) 国家社科基金项目(批准文号:15BSS031)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：B979;K374.3

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