《钦定满洲祭神祭天典礼》对满族萨满教规范作用的考辨

发布时间：2018-05-16 13:16

  本文选题：《钦定满洲祭神祭天典礼》 + 萨满教　； 参考：《世界宗教文化》2016年02期

【摘要】：《钦定满洲祭神祭天典礼》是唯一一部由官方主持编修的萨满教典籍,历来受学界重视。传统观点认为清廷将此部典籍颁行民间,对满族萨满教进行了自上而下的规范,导致野祭衰退和家祭趋同。美国"新清史"学者亦援引此说,认为清廷借其对满族甚至北方诸少数民族进行了族群建构。然而,分析文本内容、考证版本流布表明,清廷无意于规范民间萨满教,也并未强制推行全国。野祭衰退源于皇太极时期的禁令,家祭仪式早于《典礼》之前就已形成,直至清末未曾划一。清代统治者对于满族内部文化差异,采取了顺其自然的态度,没有规范统一的必要。汉文本《典礼》编入四库全书,体现了统治者提升文化"正统"的心理。
[Abstract]:Qinding Manchu worship ceremony is the only Shamanism masterpiece edited by the official, which has always been attached importance to by academic circles. The traditional view is that the Qing Dynasty promulgated this book to the people and regulated the Manchu shamanism from top to bottom, which led to the decline of the wild sacrifices and the convergence of the family sacrifices. American "New Qing History" scholars also cited the theory that the Qing Dynasty used it to construct the ethnic groups of Manchu and even the northern minorities. However, the analysis of the text and textual research shows that the Qing Dynasty had no intention of regulating the folk shamanism, nor did it enforce the whole country. The decline of wild sacrifices originated from the ban of Huangtai-chi period, and the ritual of home sacrifice was formed before the ceremony, until the end of Qing Dynasty was not uniform. The rulers of the Qing Dynasty adopted a natural attitude towards the cultural differences of the Manchu nationality, and there was no need to standardize and unify them. The Chinese text ceremony was compiled into the Siku book, which reflected the rulers' mentality of promoting cultural orthodoxy.
【作者单位】： 吉林师范大学;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“清代满族萨满教演变及影响研究”(11YJCZH074)阶段性成果
【分类号】：B933
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本文编号：1896946