教法与自由:当代欧洲的伊斯兰教挑战

发布时间：2018-06-06 03:03

本文选题：伊斯兰教 + 文化多元主义　；参考：《开放时代》2017年02期

【摘要】：在伊斯兰极端主义的恐怖袭击背后,在欧洲迅速增长的穆斯林人口和社群对欧洲价值的抵制对欧洲文明构成了巨大挑战。伊斯兰教在欧洲的快速发展是20世纪70年代以来全球性的宗教和伊斯兰教复兴的一部分,不少欧洲的二代和三代穆斯林移民产生了对某种普世性的伊斯兰教共同体(乌玛)的认同,他们很容易受到跨国的伊斯兰教激进组织的影响。伊斯兰教追求以教法全面支配穆斯林共同体,这与区分神圣和世俗的基督教文明以及以个体自由为核心的现代欧洲文明构成了尖锐的冲突。然而,欧洲的文化多元主义和人权政治却为伊斯兰教在欧洲的扩张提供了有利条件。由于民族国家的弱化削弱了政治认同,基督教的衰落导致欧洲人失去了灵性力量,欧洲人缺乏有效应对伊斯兰教挑战的政治和精神资源。欧洲可能仍然需要通过复兴民族国家和基督教来应对文明危机。
[Abstract]:Behind the terrorist attacks of Islamic extremism, resistance to European values by Europe's rapidly growing Muslim population and communities poses a great challenge to European civilization. The rapid growth of Islam in Europe is part of a global revival of religion and Islam since the 1970s. Many of Europe's second and third generations of Muslim immigrants have developed an identity with some universal Islamic community (Umma), which is vulnerable to the influence of transnational Islamist radical groups. Islam seeks to dominate the Muslim community by the Shariah, which constitutes a sharp conflict with the distinction between the sacred and secular Christian civilization and the modern European civilization with individual freedom as its core. However, Europe's cultural pluralism and human rights politics have provided favorable conditions for the expansion of Islam in Europe. The weakening of nation-state weakens political identity, and the decline of Christianity leads to the loss of spiritual power in Europe, and the Europeans lack the political and spiritual resources to deal effectively with the challenge of Islam. Europe may still need to respond to the civilisation crisis by reviving nation-states and Christianity.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学政治学系;
【分类号】：B968

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