阿含经中的临终关怀研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 09:55

本文选题：临终关怀 + 阿含经　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 近年来临终关怀(hospice care)理念受到大力宣导,在欧美各国,宗教在临终关怀中的应用已经成为一种很普遍的现象,已经发展出相当完整而有系统的临床实务。台湾安宁疗护界也有不少佛教法师参与临终关怀活动,结合佛法面对生死的智慧与临床照顾的训练,来利益临终病人及其家属。台湾目前有证严法师的慈济医院,佛教莲花临终关怀基金会,屏东一如净舍临终关怀协会等组织大力推动这项运动。而在大陆医院的临终关怀病房,佛教的灵性辅导则处于极度缺失状态。在与各个宗教都结缘甚深的临终关怀领域中,拥有丰富生死智慧和具体操作体系的佛教资源,如净土的念佛法门与临终处理,藏传佛教的修行次第与超荐仪轨,如何应用到临终关怀的临床实践中,是本研究的关注点。旨在通过这项研究,充分借鉴台湾安宁疗护界引进宗教资源的理念与成果,提供适合大陆佛教的临终辅导模式。笔者以为:原始佛典记载的关于佛陀辅导临终的个案,应有诸多学习参考之处,而《阿含经》刚好是一部完整记载现实中的释迦牟尼及其弟子的思想活动的原始佛典,有学者认为“欲体验世尊现实的人格,除读《四阿含》外,别无他途”,故拟以《阿含经》之瞻病临终的辅导个案为主题,通过文献学的梳理和相关材料的分析,并结合台湾安宁疗护界引进宗教资源的理念与成果,展开此篇研究。在此基础上,以田野调查的实例来印证。论文内容共分为五部分: 首先,绪论部分对本论文的架构作一概述。回顾本课题的国内外研究状况,以及本论文的研究动机与目的,研究范畴与方法,关键词释义等。第一章,是对临终关怀的介绍。从基督文化背景下的Hospice到佛教上的临终关怀溯源发展依次展开。第二章,《阿含经》中的瞻病辅导案例分析。分案例呈现、案例分析两部分。对梳理出的《阿含经》文献中佛陀看望临终患者的5个案例,以四个环节:“瞻病事件”、“病者状态”、“瞻病过程”、“瞻病效果”进行分析,呈现佛陀临终关怀的原貌与他对老、病、死的基本看法,梳理佛教超脱生死的智慧,为当代佛教临终关怀的实践提供参考。第三章,《阿含经》中的丧亲辅导案例探讨。以遗属的情绪为分析对象,以四个环节:“丧亲事件”、“丧亲悲伤”、“辅导过程”、“辅导效果”对《阿含经》文献中佛陀辅导丧亲家属的4个案例进行分析。第四章,当代佛教临终关怀的现状。大陆:一方面佛教默默在做临终关怀,另一方面医学界并不推行宗教参与。台湾:佛教法师己进入临终关怀医院,以1994年莲花基金会的成立为标志。国外:藏传佛教团体纷纷成立援助机构,为临终病人及其家属服务。参考当代生死学专家郑晓江的建议。第五章,当代大陆佛教临终关怀的案例调查。参照《西藏生死书》,以山西太原白云寺临终关怀医院的调查做印证。最后是结论部分,在总结全文之后,结合阿含经典的临终关怀理念与当代台湾佛教界的临终辅导实践模式,梳理出适合当代大陆现况的佛教式医院临终辅导模式。主要有:引进佛教资源进入医院临终病房,建构当代佛教式的临终关怀。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the concept of hospice care has been strongly advocated. In European and American countries, the application of religion in hospice care has become a very common phenomenon, and has developed quite complete and systematic clinical practice. There are also many Buddhist teachings in Taiwan's hospice care community, which are involved in hospice care activities, and face the life and death in combination with the Buddha Dharma. Wisdom and clinical care are trained to benefit deathbed patients and their families. In Taiwan, the Tzu Chi Hospital, the lotus flower terminal care foundation, and the Pingtung like hospice care association are currently promoting the movement. In the hospice care room of the mainland hospital, the spiritual guidance of Buddhism is in extreme absence. In the field of hospice care which is closely related to all religions, the Buddhist resources rich in life and death wisdom and specific operating system, such as the Buddhist law and terminal treatment of the pure land, the secondary and super recommendation of the Tibetan Buddhism, how to apply to the clinical practice of hospice care, are the focus of this research. We should fully learn from the concept and achievements of the introduction of religious resources by the hospice community in Taiwan, and provide hospice counseling models suitable for mainland Buddhism.
The author thinks that there should be a lot of learning references in the case of the deathbed of Buddha's guidance recorded in the original Buddhist Scripture, and the "Ai Jing" is just a primitive Buddhist Scripture that records the ideological activities of Shakya Muni and his disciples in reality, and some scholars believe that "to experience the real personality of the world, except for reading < four ah >, do not have his way". On the basis of an example of fieldwork, this study was carried out on the basis of literature review and analysis of related materials and the concept and results of the introduction of religious resources in the hospice and nursing community in Taiwan.
The contents of the paper are divided into five parts.
First, the introduction of the introduction gives an overview of the structure of this paper, reviews the research status at home and abroad, and the motivation and purpose of this paper, the scope and method of the research, the definition of key words and so on.
The first chapter is the introduction of hospice care. The origin and development of hospice care from Hospice to Buddhism in Christian culture is in sequence.
The second chapter, the case analysis of the disease guidance in the "Ai Jing", the case analysis and the two part of the case analysis. 5 cases of the deathbed patients who have been visited by the Buddha in the literature of the "Ai Jing >" in the literature are analyzed in four links: "the disease event", "the patient state", "the course of the disease", the "looking forward to the disease", and the origin of the Buddha's hospice care. His basic views on old age, illness and death, and combing Buddhism's wisdom of detached life and death, provide a reference for the practice of hospice care in Contemporary Buddhism.
The third chapter, the case study of bereavement tutoring in the "avi Jing". With the emotion of the survivors as the analysis object, four links: "bereavement event", "bereavement sadness", "tutoring process", "Tutoring effect" on 4 cases of the bereavement family of the Buddhist tutoring in the book of AVIC.
The fourth chapter, the present situation of hospice care in Contemporary Buddhism. On the one hand, Buddhism is silent in hospice care, on the other hand, the medical community does not carry out religious participation. Taiwan: the Buddhist mage has entered the hospice care hospital, marked by the establishment of the lotus foundation in 1994. Family service. Consult Zheng Xiaojiang, a contemporary life and death expert.
The fifth chapter, a case study of Buddhist hospice care in contemporary China, is based on the Tibet book of life and death. It is confirmed by the investigation of hospice care hospital of baiyun temple in Taiyuan, Shanxi.
The last part is the conclusion. After summarizing the full text, combining the classical hospice concept and the hospice practice model of the contemporary Taiwan Buddhist community, the paper combs the hospice guidance mode suitable for the present situation of the contemporary mainland, mainly including the introduction of Buddhist resources into the hospice ward and the construction of contemporary Buddhist hospice care.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：B942.2

【引证文献】