乡土变迁与信仰沉浮

发布时间：2018-06-20 11:09

本文选题：冀南村落 + 民间信仰　；参考：《河北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：位于河北省东南端的大名县石村，，是一个有着悠久历史的村落，该村的民间信仰——奶奶庙及其神灵起源均和当地的历史、社区传统紧密地结合在了一起。明末清初之时，石村奶奶庙在泰山信仰和碧霞元君信仰受到官方青睐的时代背景下，努力实现了在保留本地信仰的基础上达成与官方信仰的迎合，遂获得了官方的支持并实现了扩建。近代以来，民间信仰在中共所倡导的新社会理想面前即刻成为了落后的、封建迷信式的事物，新中国成立后，石村泰山行宫庙在中共所倡导的一系列政治运动中逐渐湮灭，人民对以毛泽东为首的中共领导形成了绝对信任，传统的民间信仰也被纳入中共所反对的“四旧”等封建事物之中。然而，随着改革开放的进行，人们在失去集体生活的庇护后，又开始重新寻求精神上的寄托，泰山行宫庙作为石村的传统信仰随即试图复兴，这是一个自下而上的过程，集体记忆是其存在的基础，国家政策是庙宇重建的前提，乡村精英的努力和当地巫婆的赞助等等不同的社会因素共同促成了本地信仰在覆灭之后又重新走向复兴。从整体上看，石村作为冀南村落的一个缩影，其迎合政府宗教政策的过程就是它追求地方信仰合法化的过程。总之，民间信仰的兴衰与国家政策的变动有着紧密的关系，为了获得生存的机会，地方信仰必须迎合中央的信仰政策。
[Abstract]:Shicun Daming County, located at the southeastern tip of Hebei Province, is a village with a long history. The folk beliefs of this village-Grandma Temple and the origin of its gods are closely combined with the local history and community tradition. At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Grandma Shikura's temple, in the context of the times when the Taishan faith and the Bixia Yuan monarch faith were favored by the government, endeavoured to achieve the pandering to the official belief on the basis of retaining the local faith. So he got the official support and the expansion. Since modern times, folk belief has immediately become a backward, feudal and superstitious thing in front of the new social ideal advocated by the CPC. After the founding of New China, the Temple of Mount Tarzan Temple in Shicun was gradually annihilated in a series of political movements advocated by the CPC. The people have formed absolute trust in the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by Mao Zedong, and the traditional folk beliefs have been included in the feudal things such as the "four Old" which the CPC opposes. However, with the development of reform and opening up, people began to seek spiritual sustenance again after losing the shelter of collective life. The traditional belief of Taishan Temple as a stone village was then tried to revive, which was a bottom-up process. Collective memory is the basis of its existence, national policy is the premise of temple reconstruction, the efforts of the rural elite and local witch sponsorship and other social factors together contributed to the local belief after the collapse of the revival. On the whole, as a microcosm of the village in southern Hebei, the process of catering to the government's religious policy is the process of its pursuit of legalization of local beliefs. In a word, the rise and fall of folk belief is closely related to the change of national policy. In order to obtain the chance of survival, the local belief must cater to the belief policy of the central government.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B933

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