从斋戒规范论古代国家祭祀对汉晋道教的影响——兼对吕鹏志博士一系列论著的商榷

发布时间：2018-07-02 22:35

本文选题：汉晋道教 + 国家祭祀　；参考：《中山大学学报(社会科学版)》2016年02期

【摘要】：斋戒制度是道教仪式的主要内容和表现形式,也是道教仪式史研究的起点。由于古代国家祭祀制度和早期道教经典对其斋戒规范的记载都非常分散,尤其是早期道经对其斋戒规范具体来源的记载很不明确,致使国内外学术界对于早期道教斋戒制度来源等问题的认识还存在不少误区。近年来更有一种影响颇大的学术观点,认为早期道教斋戒制度的确立开始于东晋末年至刘宋初年的"古灵宝经",并且主要是源于早期印度佛教"布萨"制度的影响。文章在对古代国家祭祀制度和早期道经材料进行广泛搜集和考证的基础上,从斋戒类型和斋戒各种具体规范等方面,证明了古代国家祭祀礼制对早期道教斋戒制度及其相关戒律条文所形成的重大而深远的影响。也对古代国家祭祀斋戒和道教斋戒的性质及其与佛教"布萨"制度的根本性差异等问题进行了讨论,认为印度佛教传入中国后,其斋法的构建对本土传统祭祀斋戒和道教斋戒也有极其重要的借鉴。依据翔实的资料,从斋戒制度这一特定视角,对中古早期儒道佛三教关系的发展演变进行了富有新意的论述。
[Abstract]:Fasting system is the main content and manifestation of Taoist ritual, and also the starting point of Taoist ritual history. Since the ancient national sacrifice system and the early Taoist classics recorded the norms of fasting very scattered, especially in the early Taoist scriptures, the records of the specific sources of the norms of fasting were not clear. There are still many misunderstandings about the origin of the early Taoist fasting system in academic circles at home and abroad. In recent years, there is a rather influential academic view that the establishment of the early Taoist fasting system began from the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the beginning of the Liu Song Dynasty, and was mainly due to the influence of the early Indian Buddhism "Busa" system. Based on the extensive collection and textual research of the ancient national sacrificial system and the early Taoist scriptures, the article discusses the types of fasting and various specific norms of fasting. It is proved that the ancient state sacrificial rites had a great and profound influence on the early Taoist fasting system and its related precepts. It also discusses the nature of the ancient state sacrifice and Taoism fasting and its fundamental difference with the Buddhist "Busa" system. It is believed that after Indian Buddhism was introduced into China, The construction of its Zhai method also has extremely important reference to the local traditional sacrificial fast and Taoist fast. From the perspective of fasting system, this paper discusses the development and evolution of the relationship between Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism in the early Middle Ages.
【作者单位】：中山大学历史学系;
【基金】：教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助重点项目“古灵宝经与中古道教经教体系研究”(13JHQ006)
【分类号】：B958

【共引文献】