禅林抑或武林——福建“南少林寺”叠合记忆探微

发布时间：2018-07-07 08:20

本文选题：禅林 + 武林　；参考：《华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年02期

【摘要】：近几十年来,关于福建"南少林寺"寺址真伪的争辩一直不断,多地区卷入所谓南少林文化遗产资源的利益争夺。这些争议的背后涉及我们如何处理不断被叠加或减损的社会历史记忆和地方历史重构。追溯福建"少林寺"(禅林)与"南少林"(武林)的叠合记忆过程,有助于我们理性地反思福建少林文化记忆背后的国族想象与悲情史观。从永春《临济正传三十四世寿圣兴国禅寺铁山卓天二和尚合藏塔自铭》楔入,可以揭橥作为复数的"福建少林寺"之"灯传黄蘖"的历史记忆何以被地方有意无意地淡化,以及作为"武林传奇"之"福建南少林"所积淀的"抗倭""反清"的悲情情结,何以被反复的强化,并被变现为当代的"历史真实"。当代"南少林寺"概念的话语构建说明,"叠合记忆"其实是社会记忆、集体记忆、历史记忆的一种固有的表现形态。社会记忆在借用各种"社会文本"如历史文献、神话传说、行为仪式、信仰知识、艺术谱系以及相关的工具实物、文化景观等形式进行传递、保存、建构的过程中,会对不同的记忆传统(个体或群体的记忆、历史或地方的记忆)进行连续、有机的刻写、合成(包括选择性忘却、强化某些要素)、从而叠合为新的社会记忆,并作为建构不同等级的社会认同、文化认同、族群认同、地方认同的重要组成部分。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, there has been a constant debate about the authenticity of the "South Shaolin Temple" in Fujian, and many areas have been involved in the interests of the so-called South Shaolin cultural heritage resources. Behind these controversies are how we deal with the superposition or erosion of social and historical memory and local historical reconstruction. Tracing back to the overlapping memory process of Shaolin Temple (Zen Forest) and South Shaolin (Wulin) in Fujian is helpful for us to reflect rationally on the national imagination and the historical view of sadness behind the cultural memory of Shaolin in Fujian. From Yongchun < Linji Zhengzhuan 34, Shou Shengxing Zen Temple, Tieshan Zhuotian II monk, Zang Zang Pagoda, "wedged", we can uncover why the historical memory of "Lantern passing Huang Teng", which is a plural "Fujian Shaolin Temple", has been played down intentionally or unintentionally by the local authorities. Why is the "anti-Japanese" and "anti-Qing" sadness complex accumulated in Fujian South Shaolin as "Wulin Legend" has been repeatedly strengthened and realized as the contemporary "historical reality"? The discourse construction of the concept of "South Shaolin Temple" shows that "superimposed memory" is actually an inherent manifestation of social memory, collective memory and historical memory. Social memory is transmitted, preserved and constructed by various "social texts" such as historical documents, myths and legends, rituals, belief knowledge, art pedigree and related tools, objects, cultural landscapes, etc. Different memory traditions (individual or group memory, historical or local memory) are continuously, organically written, synthesized (including selective forgetting, reinforcement of certain elements), and thus superimposed into new social memories. And as an important part of the construction of different levels of social identity, cultural identity, ethnic identity, local identity.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院世界宗教研究所;中国社会科学院当代宗教研究室;
【分类号】：B947

【共引文献】