宁波保国寺的风水文化与地理环境研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 08:13

【摘要】：风水学是我国宝贵的传统文化精粹之一，是古代建设选址和规划设计的理论指导。宁波保国寺始建于汉代，现存保国寺大殿建于北宋大中祥符六年（公元1013年），是建筑法典《营造法式》的实物例证之一，在我国古建史上占有极高的历史地位，是江南现存最完整原址保存千年的木构建筑。保国寺大殿在江南多雨潮湿、台风肆虐的环境中千年不朽，成为中外科技界多年关注的课题，特别是“四大千古之谜”，至今尚未有科学合理的解释。千年保国寺大殿是风水文化的真实载体。作者试图从风水学的视角，把保国寺大殿放在特定的地理环境中，将传统的风水理论与现代科技相结合，展现保国寺大殿承载的风水文化，，研究保国寺建筑选址的风水环境效应，揭示风水环境与其保存千年的内在关联，是中国风水走向科学化的一个大胆尝试。本文的主要内容包括三个方面：一、风水学是一门地理学、规划学、建筑学、生态学等相结合的综合学科。从理论上阐述中国传统风水学的基本含义、理论体系和科学内涵。研究保国寺选址、规划布局、建筑结构、室内装饰等方面的风水文化，保国寺选址符合风水学中经典的“四神兽”地貌格局模式，寺院从规划布局到室内装饰遵循“天人合一”的思想和“阴阳平衡”的理念，大殿的建筑形制和营造法式呈现出深厚的传统文化寓意。二、通过实地勘察、现场采样、大殿内实时监测等研究手段，获取大量的温度、湿度、TSP、风速等基础数据，结合微气候的研究方法，论证了保国寺大殿四大谜团与其所处的地理环境内在联系。高湿度的稳定环境是大殿保存千年、木构件不腐坏、鸟不筑巢和蜘蛛不结网的直接原因。三、保国寺风水环境是“藏风聚气”的经典研究案例之一。本文采用流体动力学理论和CFD技术，对保国寺地貌格局风环境进行数值模拟，定量研究“四神兽”风水格局的风环境效应。实验证明：“山环水绕”的地貌格局确实具有“藏风聚气”的作用，经典风水模式能够创造比较稳定和理想的生态环境品质。
[Abstract]:Geomantic science is one of the precious traditional cultural quintessence of our country, and it is the theoretical guidance of ancient construction site selection and planning and design. The Baoguo Temple in Ningbo was built in the Han Dynasty, and the existing Baoguo Temple Hall was built in the Northern Song Dynasty for six years (AD 1013). It is one of the physical examples of the building code "creating French style" and occupies a very high historical position in the history of ancient Chinese architecture. Jiangnan extant most complete original site preserved for thousands of years of wood architecture. Baoguo Temple Hall in the south of the Yangtze River rainy and humid, typhoon raging environment for millennia immortal, has become a Chinese and foreign scientific and technological circles concerned for many years, especially the "four mysteries of ancient times", so far there is no scientific and reasonable explanation. Thousand years Baoguo Temple Hall is the real carrier of geomantic culture. The author tries to put the Baoguo Temple Hall in a specific geographical environment from the perspective of geomantic science, combining the traditional geomantic theory with modern science and technology to show the geomantic culture carried by the Baoguo Temple Hall. It is a bold attempt to study the geomantic environment effect of Baoguosi building site and reveal the relationship between the geomantic environment and its preservation for thousands of years. The main contents of this paper include three aspects: first, geomantic science is a comprehensive subject of geography, planning, architecture, ecology and so on. The basic meaning, theoretical system and scientific connotation of Chinese traditional geomantic science are expounded theoretically. This paper studies the geomantic culture of Baoguo Temple in the aspects of site selection, layout planning, architectural structure, interior decoration and so on. The site selection of Baoguo Temple conforms to the classic geomorphological pattern of "four Immortals and Beast" in geomantic science. From planning layout to interior decoration, the temple follows the idea of "harmony of nature and man" and the idea of "balance of yin and yang". Second, through field investigation, on-site sampling, real-time monitoring in the main hall and other research methods, a large amount of basic data such as temperature, humidity, TSPand wind speed and so on are obtained, and combined with the research method of microclimate. The four puzzles of Baoguo Temple and its geographical environment are discussed. The stable environment of high humidity is the direct reason for the preservation of the hall for thousands of years, the wood component does not rot, the birds do not build nests and the spiders do not form webs. Thirdly, the Fengshui environment of Baoguo Temple is one of the classic research cases of "Tibetan Wind gathering Qi". In this paper, the wind environment of the geomorphological pattern of Baoguosi is simulated numerically by using the theory of fluid dynamics and CFD technique, and the wind environment effect of the geomorphological pattern of "four Immortals and Beast" is quantitatively studied. The experimental results show that the geomorphologic pattern of "the mountain around the water" does have the function of "Tibetan wind and gas accumulation", and the classical geomantic model can create relatively stable and ideal ecological environment quality.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B947

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