弗兰克基督教人学理论研究

发布时间：2018-10-18 21:25

【摘要】：近年来，有关俄罗斯哲学的著作相继问世，究其原因，哲学对俄罗斯来说不仅仅是对西方的借鉴，还是本民族精神文化的必要因素。对于俄罗斯这样一个超级大国来说，研究其文化与精神成果，独特的思维方式，对于我们也是极具启发意义的。弗兰克与索洛维约夫、洛斯基是俄罗斯独特的哲学认识论流派——万物统一学说中认识论的主要代表。如果索洛维约夫的认识论重在对西方抽象理性主义的批判，从普遍综合的观点论证完整知识，具有较多的宗教色彩，那么，弗兰克是通过对知识与对象的结构本身的深入分析来探究人的认识的统一基础，具有更多的纯粹哲学性。本文对俄罗斯白银时代宗教哲学的发展状况、理论背景做以梳理，通过其本体论、认识论、真理观，阐发了宗教本体主义的世界观原则。神人论正是从这一原则出发，在“绝对存在”的宗教本体论基础上建构起来的基督教人学理论。实在与人的形而上学思想是弗兰克对神人学说的理论深化和系统证明。弗兰克认为，人的内在精神性作为绝对的、原初的“实在”，，是人的存在的本体论根基，神人性作为人的本质特征使人的存在获得了绝对意义和永恒价值。通过阐释内在精神领域中神人两位一体的存在结构，弗兰克对人存在的精神基础进行了宗教本体论证明。弗兰克宗教哲学的缺陷也是很明显的。弗兰克的人学是从基督教人性观出发，是建立在他的宗教哲学本体论基础上，难免带有自身的局限性，但是其中很多深刻的分析和独到的见解，对于我们深入认识人的精神现象，进一步理解西方文化中的基督教和人道主义思想，对于反思现代人学思想，都有一定的启发意义。总之，本文旨在通过系统论述弗兰克的人学思想来展示其宗教人道主义的思想内核，并以此为切入点深入理解和剖析俄国白银时代的宗教哲学，评述这一在人类思想史上规模宏大、富有重要价值的文化现象。最后，本文在马克思生存论视域下解读弗兰克基督教人学，在阐释马克思哲学革命当代性的同时，揭示了弗兰克形而上学人学体系的局限性及其现实意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the works on Russian philosophy have been published one after another. The reason is that philosophy is not only a reference to the West, but also a necessary factor of the national spiritual culture. For a superpower like Russia, studying its cultural and spiritual achievements, its unique way of thinking, is also instructive for us. Frank and Solovyov, Lorsky are the main representatives of epistemology in Russia's unique philosophical epistemology. If Solovyov's epistemology is focused on criticizing Western abstract rationalism and demonstrating complete knowledge from a general and comprehensive point of view, then, Frank explores the unified basis of human understanding through in-depth analysis of the structure of knowledge and objects, and has more pure philosophy. In this paper, the development of religious philosophy in the silver era in Russia, the theoretical background is combed, through its ontology, epistemology, truth view, explained the principles of the world outlook of religious Noumenon. It is from this principle that the theory of Christian humanism is constructed on the basis of the religious ontology of absolute existence. The metaphysical thought of reality and man is the deepening and systematic proof of Frank's theory of divine man. Frank believes that the inner spirituality of man is absolute, the original "reality" is the ontological foundation of human existence, and that the nature of God, as the essential characteristic of man, makes the existence of man gain absolute meaning and eternal value. By explaining the existence structure of God and Man in the inner spiritual field, Frank proved the spiritual basis of human existence by religious ontology. The flaws in Frank's religious philosophy are also obvious. Frank's humanism is based on the Christian view of human nature and is based on his ontology of religious philosophy, which inevitably has its own limitations, but there are many profound analyses and original opinions. It is instructive for us to deeply understand the spiritual phenomenon of human beings and to further understand the Christian and humanitarian thoughts in western culture. In a word, the purpose of this paper is to show the core of Frank's humanism by systematically discussing his humanism, and to understand and analyze the religious philosophy of the silver era in Russia. Comments on this cultural phenomenon of great scale and great value in the history of human thought. Finally, this paper interprets Frank's Christian humanism from the perspective of Marx's existentialism, explains the contemporary nature of Marx's philosophical revolution, and reveals the limitations and practical significance of Frank's metaphysical anthropomorphology system.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：B920

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