我国环境污染责任保险立法研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 19:17

本文关键词：我国环境污染责任保险立法研究　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：环境污染责任保险是指环境污染事故发生后被保险人按照法律应当承担环境损害赔偿和环境修复治理等民事责任为标的的保险。其特点主要有:保险合同的特定性、保险范围的有限性以及公益性和政策依赖性。环境污染事故发生后排污企业所面临的赔偿和环境修复费用数额很大,企业难以负担甚至会造成企业破产,故建立完善的环境污染责任保险立法意义重大。环境污染责任保险是通过风险责任社会化的方式解决这一社会难题的有效途径之一,它不仅使受害者可以及时地得到补贴和赔偿,而且还使得侵权的企业可以担负起企业自身合理的责任问题,也符合环境正义的要求。现阶段,我国对环境污染责任保险制度的探索处于起步阶段,环境污染责任保险立法存在许多不足,法律层面的立法仅有《环境保护法》的原则性规定,行政法规层面的立法也仅有5部,地方性法规也是鼓励性的内容且覆盖范围过窄,相关的配套措施也不健全。近年来,国内各地不断出现重大的环境污染事故,基于这种情形,进一步完善我国的环境污染责任保险立法是刻不容缓的。国外发达国家如美国、德国和芬兰的环境污染责任保险法律体系都非常完善,各自都有独特的环境污染责任保险立法模式和配套措施,我国可以借鉴国外环境污染责任保险法律制度的成功经验,结合我国环境污染责任保险试点工作的经验,尽快出台一部专门调整环境污染责任保险的立法——《环境污染责任保险条例》,同时增加《保险法》中环境污染责任保险的内容,结合具体的配套措施,构建我国完善的环境污染责任保险法律制度。
[Abstract]:Environmental pollution liability insurance refers to the insurance that the insured should take the civil liability of environmental damage compensation and environmental remediation after the occurrence of environmental pollution accidents. Its characteristics include the specificity of the insurance contract, the limited scope of the insurance, and the commonweal and policy dependence. After the occurrence of environmental pollution accidents, the amount of compensation and environmental repair fees faced by the polluters is very large, so it is difficult for enterprises to afford or even cause enterprises to go bankrupt. So establishing a sound environmental pollution liability insurance legislation is of great significance. Environmental pollution liability insurance is one of the effective ways to solve the social problems through social responsibility risk way, it not only makes the victims can get subsidies and compensation, but also makes the infringement of the enterprises can bear the responsibility of the enterprise's own reasonable, also accord with the requirement of environmental justice. At this stage, to explore the environmental pollution liability insurance system in China is in the initial stage, the environmental pollution liability insurance legislation has many deficiencies, principle of the Legal Provisions Legislation only "environmental protection law", the administrative regulations of the legislative level is only 5, local regulations also encourage sexual content and narrow coverage and the relevant supporting measures are not perfect. In recent years, there are many serious environmental pollution accidents in China. Based on this situation, it is urgent to further improve the legislation of environmental pollution liability insurance in China. Developed countries such as the United States, Germany and Finland's environmental pollution liability insurance legal system is very perfect, each has a unique environmental pollution liability insurance legislation and supporting measures, China can learn from the successful experience of foreign environmental pollution liability insurance legal system, combined with China's environmental pollution liability insurance pilot work experience, the introduction of a specific adjustment of environmental pollution liability insurance legislation -- "environmental pollution liability insurance regulations" as soon as possible, while increasing the "insurance law" in the environmental pollution liability insurance, combined with the specific measures, improve the construction of China's legal system of environmental pollution liability insurance.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68;D922.284

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