BDD电极处理高浓度难降解工业废水的电化学氧化处理方法研究

发布时间：2017-12-30 18:07

本文关键词：BDD电极处理高浓度难降解工业废水的电化学氧化处理方法研究　出处：《西南科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高浓度难降解工业废水由于其浓度高、污染大、排放量大、难治理等特点而对环境造成严重的污染,成为社会关注焦点和研究热点。目前传统的处理工业废水的方法成本太高或达不到排放标准,而电化学降解技术由于其催化降解活性的高效性、工艺上易于自动化控制也易于与其他工艺进行组合,并且无二次污染而呈现出巨大的潜力。电化学降解技术中最核心的是电极材料,掺硼金刚石薄膜(BDD)电极因其优异的性能成为近期应用研究焦点,本文即以BDD电极为阳极对高浓度难降解工业废水进行系统的电化学氧化处理研究。(一)以高浓度、难降解的梯恩梯(TNT)生产红水为研究对象,采用BDD电极电化学高级氧化处理技术,系统地研究电流密度(20-100 mA/cm2)、氯化钠添加量(0-3 g/L)以及pH值(2.0-10.0)对其降解过程中COD、BOD/COD及能耗的影响。实验结果表明,在酸性以及高氯化钠添加量的条件下更加有利于COD的移除、能耗的降低以及可生化性的提高,而电流密度的增加虽然更加有利于COD的去除和可生化性的提高,但是不利于能耗的减少。随着电解时间的延长,上述任何工艺条件下处理TNT红水都能达到可生化降解指标要求,为后续TNT红水进一步生化处理奠定了前提条件。(二)以三台县某印染厂实际工业废水为研究对象,采用BDD电极电化学高级氧化处理技术,系统地研究电流密度(20-100 mA/cm2)、氯化钠添加量(0-3 g/L)以及pH值(2.0-10.0)对其COD降解的动力学以及能耗的影响。动力学常数k被用以表征电化学产生的强氧化剂导致的间接反应动力学特征,实验结果能够很好的符合提出的动力学模型。在增加电流密度以及降低pH值时,k值呈现直线型的增长,而随着氯化钠添加量的增加呈现指数型的增长;同时动力学常数越大,能耗就越低。在最佳实验条件下,实际印染废水只需要3 h就能将COD完全去除,而且能耗仅为11.12 kWh/kg COD。较短的电解时间以及较低的能耗,证明BDD电极电化学降解实际印染废水能够作为工业应用的潜力。(三)针对BDD电极材料较为重要的使用寿命问题,本文对BDD电极在电化学反应过程中的微观结构进行研究,结果表明连续30 h的电化学处理BDD电极表面会因“抛光”而变得光滑平整,但是其组成结构并未受到影响,揭示出其长期使用的良好可靠性。(四)通过BDD电极在TNT红水和印染废水电化学降解处理过程的研究表明,使用合适电极材料的电化学氧化技术应用于工业废水处理不仅效果好、效率高,而且适应性强、可控性和可靠性好,是一种值得进一步放大推广的实用高浓度难降解工业废水处理技术。
[Abstract]:The high concentration of refractory industrial wastewater because of its high concentration of pollution, emissions from large, difficult to control and caused serious pollution to the environment, become the focus of social concern and the focus of research. At present, the traditional cost method of industrial wastewater treatment is too high or not up to the discharge standard, and the electrochemical degradation technology because of its high efficiency photocatalytic activity, the process is easy to automatic control is also easily combined with other technologies, and no two pollution and shows great potential. The core technology of electrochemical degradation of electrode materials, boron doped diamond thin film electrode (BDD) because of its excellent performance has become the research focus, this article is based on BDD to study the electrochemical oxidation of anodic electrode of high concentration refractory industrial wastewater system. (a) with high concentration of refractory TNT (TNT) production of red water as the research object, using BDD Very advanced electrochemical oxidation technology, systematic study of the current density (20-100 mA/cm2), adding sodium chloride (0-3 g/L) and pH (2.0-10.0) on the degradation process of COD, BOD/COD and energy consumption. The experimental results show that the addition of sodium chloride in acidic and high volume conditions more conducive to COD remove, reduce energy consumption and improve the biodegradability, and the increase of the current density while more conducive to the removal of COD and improve the biodegradability, but not conducive to reducing energy consumption. With the increase of electrolysis time, any of the above conditions under the treatment of TNT red water to achieve requirements of biochemical degradation index, which the precondition for further follow-up of TNT red water biochemical treatment. (two) to a dyeing factory in three county wastewater as the research object, using the BDD electrode electrochemical oxidation treatment technology, systematic study of the current density (20-100 M A/cm2), adding sodium chloride (0-3 g/L) and pH (2.0-10.0) effect on the COD degradation kinetics and energy consumption. The kinetic constant k is indirect reaction kinetics of strong oxidant produced by electrochemical characterization and the experimental results can be consistent with the proposed kinetic model is very good. The increase in current density and the decrease of pH value, K value showed a linear growth, and with the addition of sodium chloride increased exponentially growth; at the same time the kinetic constants of the greater energy consumption is lower. Under the optimum conditions, the actual printing and dyeing wastewater need only 3 h COD can be removed completely, and the energy consumption is only electrolysis 11.12 kWh/kg COD. short time and low energy consumption, proved that the BDD electrode of electrochemical degradation of printing and dyeing wastewater can be used as industrial application potential. (three) according to the service life of BDD electrode material is an important problem, based on BDD Study on the microstructure of electrode in electrochemical reaction process, the results show that the continuous 30 h electrochemical treatment of BDD electrode surface due to "polishing" and becomes smooth, but its structure was not affected, revealing good reliability of its long-term use. (four) through the BDD electrode in TNT red water and dyeing waste water chemical degradation process research shows that using suitable electrode materials for electrochemical oxidation technology applied to industrial wastewater treatment has good effect, high efficiency, and strong adaptability, good controllability and reliability, is a worthy of further amplification of popularization of high concentration refractory industrial wastewater treatment technology.

【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O646;X703

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