铁-碳内电解质下不同季节水生植物的净水效果研究

发布时间：2017-12-30 18:31

本文关键词：铁-碳内电解质下不同季节水生植物的净水效果研究　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 铁碳内电解质 人工湿地 植物 COD 氨氮

【摘要】：摘要:为提高人工湿地的净化效率,本文选取了湿地生态系统中常见水生植物为研究对象,以铁-碳内电解质作为基质,构建小试装置。以水质指标的浓度变化作为表征因子,研究在不同季节,不同试验时间下,不同植物及其组合对污水的净化效果。以期为不同污染物水平的河流提供最佳的植物配置。为探究夏季铁-碳内电解质下常见水生植物的净水效果,在铁-碳内电解质下以凤眼莲、睡莲、菖蒲和芦苇4种水生植物为研究对象,比较分析植物及其组合在不同试验时间(1～5d)对污水中化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮、总磷(TP)的净化效果,试验分两次进行,试验水质指标参考15年4月份的野外调研数据。为探究冬季铁-碳内电解质下水生植物及其组合的净水效果,选取伊乐藻、水芹、西伯利亚鸾尾3种水生植物为研究对象,设置6个处理和一个对照组,添加污水。为比较污水处理中植物的生长状况,设置3个单种植物组仅加入清水,测量污水和清水处理组中三种植物的叶绿素含量。并比较分析单种植物及其组合在不同时间内(1-5 d)对污水中COD、氨氮、总氮(TN)、TP的净化效果,试验水质指标参考15年10月份的野外调研数据。试验结果显示由于温度低,试验体系对污水中氮的净化效果较差。因此第三次试验通过室内空调控制,提高温度。为继续探究铁-碳内电解质下不同水生植物及其组合的净水效果,选取菖蒲、西伯利亚鸢尾、金鱼藻、穗花狐尾藻共四种植物进行试验,比较分析植物及其组合在不同试验时间(1～11d)对污水中COD、氨氮、TN、TP的净化效果,试验水质指标参考16年8月份的野外调研数据。结果表明:(1)夏季实验中,与无植物的对照相比,铁-碳内电解质下单种水生植物对污水中的氨氮、COD、TP去除效果更好,但物种间存在明显差异。在污水处理2d时,凤眼莲对氨氮去除率达到100%;3d时,氨氮在菖蒲处理后浓度接近0;四种植物组合对氨氮的去除效果均较好。在污水处理2 d时,凤眼莲的COD水体浓度接近0,菖蒲次之,凤眼莲-菖蒲组合水体的COD浓度降为最低(4.33 mg·L-1),去除率为85.1%。在处理4 d时,凤眼莲的TP浓度最低,芦苇次之;处理2d时,凤眼莲-菖蒲水体的TP浓度最低。内电解质与植物的组合效果比单纯内电解质对污水的净化效果好,植物的配置应依据污染物水平进行最优化。(2)冬季室外实验中,所设置的植物及其组合对污染物的净化效果与夏季差异较大,尤其是氨氮。对比夏季,植物对COD的净化效果相对缓慢。试验5 d时各组的COD浓度与夏季第一天试验COD浓度相似。除了空白对照组,其余处理对COD的净化效果均较好,其中鸢尾+伊乐藻组合去除效果最佳。氨氮在2 d后浓度均呈现不同程度的升高。TN在2 d时浓度均呈降低趋势,其中水芹组和鸢尾+水芹组合TN浓度最低,净化效果较好。之后呈波动性的上升趋势。所有处理对TP去除效果均较好。此次冬季试验中,所有处理对氮的净化均没有显著效果,要继续筛选适宜冬季氮污染物净化的水生植物。(3)冬季室内实验中,相比于第二次试验,氨氮和TN净化效果有所提升,尤其是TN,净化效果相对较好。9 d时,菖蒲的TN浓度最低,金鱼藻+狐尾藻组合次之。COD和TP的去除效果也较好,试验期间也很稳定。各系统的COD浓度在7 d时浓度最低,其中对照组和金鱼藻水体的COD浓度最低。基质对COD和TP的净化效果较好,对氨氮和TN的去除效果相对较差。
[Abstract]:Abstract: in order to improve the purification efficiency of constructed wetland, the wetland ecosystem in common aquatic plants as the research object, with iron and carbon in the electrolyte as a matrix, construction of pilot plant. The concentration changes of water quality index as the characterization factor, research in different seasons, different test time under different combinations of plant and its purification the effect of sewage river. In order to provide different levels of pollutants for the optimal configuration of plants. The net effect of water into the summer iron carbon internal electrolyte under the common aquatic plants, the iron carbon internal electrolyte with water hyacinth, sleep lotus, 4 kinds of aquatic plants and calamus reed as the object of study, comparative analysis and combination of plant in different test time (1 ~ 5d) of chemical oxygen demand in wastewater (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus (TP) purification effect, test for two times, the field investigation data of water quality index test reference in April 15. To explore the effect of water purification of aquatic plants in winter and combinations of iron carbon in electrolyte, selection of Elodea, cress, 3 species of aquatic plants in Siberia Luan tail as the research object, setting 6 treatments and a control group, add water. For the comparison of growth condition of sewage treatment plants, 3 single plants only add water, chlorophyll content of three species of sewage and water treatment in the measurement. And a comparative analysis of single species and their combinations in different time (1-5 d) in the treatment of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen (TN), the purification effect of TP, water quality test refers to the field investigation data reference in October 15 the test results show that due to low temperature, test system of nitrogen in sewage purifying effect is poor. So the third test by the indoor air conditioning control, raising the temperature. To explore the effect of water purification plants and aquatic groups of different iron carbon internal electrolyte under the selected Take Siberia iris, iris, Ceratophyllaceae, a total of four plant species Honoka Myriophyllum test, comparative analysis of plants and their combinations in different test time (1 ~ 11d) in the treatment of COD, ammonia, TN, purification of TP, field water quality index test reference in August 16 research data. The results showed that: (1) the summer experiment, compared with control plants, iron carbon internal electrolyte single species of aquatic plants on ammonia nitrogen in wastewater, COD, TP removal effect is better, but there are obvious differences between species. In the sewage treatment 2D, hyacinth on ammonia removal rate reached 100%; 3D, after the treatment of ammonia nitrogen in calamus was close to 0; the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen of four plant species combination were better. In the sewage treatment 2 D, COD concentration in the water hyacinth is close to 0 times the concentration of COD, Acorus calamus, Eichhornia crassipes combination water drops to the lowest (4.33 mg L-1), the removal rate of 85.1%. in the treatment of 4 d, The lowest TP concentration of Eichhornia crassipes, reed is secondary; the treatment of 2D, water hyacinth and calamus water TP was the lowest. In the electrolyte and the combination of plant than in the effect of electrolyte on the sewage purifying effect, plant configuration should be optimized according to the pollutant levels. (2) the winter outdoor experiment, plants and their combination set the purification effect of pollutants in summer and the difference is bigger, especially ammonia. Contrast in summer, the purification effect of COD in plants is relatively slow. The COD concentration of 5 d test were the first day of summer and test COD concentrations were similar to that of the control group. In addition, the purification effect of COD treatment was better, the iris + Iran Le algal assemblages, the best removal efficiency. The ammonia nitrogen in 2 D concentration showed different degrees of increase of.TN at 2 D concentration decreased, the cress group and the lowest concentration of TN combined iris + cress, good purifying effect. Increased volatility. All treatments on TP removal effect were better. The winter test, all treatment of nitrogen had no significant effect, to continue screening suitable for purification of nitrogen pollutants in aquatic plants in winter. (3) the winter indoor experiment, compared to the second test, ammonia nitrogen and TN removal effect improved, especially TN, purification effect is relatively good.9 D, the lowest concentration of TN calamus, removal of.COD + Myriophyllum hornwort combination and TP is also good, is also very stable during the test. The COD concentration of each system in the concentration of 7 d was lowest in the control group and the lowest COD concentration water hornwort. Better purifying effect of matrix in COD and TP, on the removal of ammonia and TN are relatively poor.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X173;X703

【参考文献】