生态保护红线法律责任的立法研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 22:12

本文关键词：生态保护红线法律责任的立法研究　出处：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生态保护红线的划定有助于强化政府、企业、个人的生态保护责任,维护生态平衡和社会的和谐稳定。对生态保护红线法律责任的立法问题进行研究,可以为我国更为顺利、科学地实施生态保护红线提供必要的参考和指引。生态保护红线的法律责任由“生态保护红线”和“法律责任”二者构成,研究生态保护红线法律责任的立法问题,必须首先对“生态保护红线”和“法律责任”这两个概念进行层层剖析和界定,为探究我国生态保护红线法律责任在立法上的现状和存在的问题做好铺垫。在概念厘清和问题分析的基础上,提出完善的思路和措施。问题分析和完善路径主要从立法目的、立法形式和立法内容三个方面进行架构。在立法目的方面,相关立法呈现出蕴含的价值目标与法律责任设定未能完全匹配的问题。对此,坚持可持续发展的价值理念,将“破坏环境资源保护罪”独立成章,进而纠正我国生态保护红线法律责任立法在立法目的上的失衡和缺漏。在立法形式方面,相关立法呈现出位阶较低,立法名称用语不严谨、不规范,法律责任规定过于简陋、可操作性差等问题。对此,制定部门规章位阶专门性立法,逐步提升地方性专门立法的位阶,对现行立法进行专项清理,进而规范我国生态保护红线法律责任的立法。在立法内容方面,相关规定存在的问题具体表现为归责原则欠缺无过错责任原则,行政处罚规定自由裁量幅度过大,罚款数额设置不合理,赔偿数额规定不明确,惩罚性赔偿责任的缺漏,法定刑档次偏少,法定刑最高刑配置偏低等。因此,确立无过错责任原则作为归责原则之一,细化、量化行政处罚自由裁量的具体标准,提高罚款额度,提高赔偿数额,允许提起精神损害赔偿,补充惩罚性赔偿责任的规定,增设无期徒刑,提高有期徒刑上限,补充非刑罚责任形式等措施和方法将是对生态保护红线法律责任的立法在立法内容上缺漏的一种补充和完善。本文以生态保护红线的法律责任为研究对象,以其立法作为研究范畴,以期能够发现其中存在的问题,提出相应的解决方案,从而健全我国的生态保护红线制度,完善该制度的相关理论,助推其实践活动的顺利开展,服务于我国的生态文明建设,继续走可持续发展之路。
[Abstract]:The ecological protection of the red line delineated to help strengthen the government, enterprise, individual responsibility for ecological protection, ecological balance and maintain harmony and stability of society. Study on legislative problems of ecological protection of the red line of legal responsibility, for our more smoothly, scientific implementation of ecological protection of the red line to provide the necessary reference and guidance of ecological protection law. The responsibility of red by "red ecological protection" and "legal responsibility" of two parts, the legislation on the ecological protection of the red line of legal responsibility, must first the ecological protection of the "red line" and "legal responsibility" these two concepts are the layers of analysis and definition, to pave the way for the study of China's legal liability in the legislation of ecological protection of the red line on the current situation and existing problems. Based on clarifying the concept and problems, put forward ideas and measures to improve and perfect the path analysis. The problem mainly from the legislative purpose, The three aspects of legislation and legislative content of architecture. In the legislative purpose, the relevant legislation has inherent value goal and the legal responsibility did not match the problem. In this regard, the value concept of sustainable development, the environmental crime independent chapter, and then correct the red line of the legislation of ecological protection our country in the legislative purpose of the imbalances and omissions. In legislation, the relevant legislation is out of the low rank of legislation, name of the term is not rigorous, not standardized, legal liability provisions are too simple, poor operability and other issues. In this regard, formulate regulations in order to special legislation, and gradually improve the level of local special the legislation, special clean-up of existing legislation, and then regulate the legislation of ecological protection of the red line of legal liability. In legislation, the relevant provisions of the problems of specific performance to The lack of the principle of responsibility principle of no fault liability, administrative penalties discretion is too large, the amount of fines is unreasonable, the amount of compensation shall not clear, punitive damages gaps, the grade of statutory punishment less punishment maximum penalty low. Therefore, the establishment of the principle of no fault liability as one of the imputation principles of refinement specifically, the quantitative standard of administrative penalty discretion, improve fine lines, increase the amount of compensation, allow the claim for compensation for mental damages, the provisions of punitive damages, additional life imprisonment, improve the limit in prison, supplementary liability and other non penalty measures and methods of ecological protection is a supplement to the red line of legal responsibility in the Legislative Council on the content of gaps and perfect. This paper takes legal responsibility for the ecological protection of the red line as the research object, with its legislation as the research category, in order to find the existence of the The corresponding solutions are put forward, so as to improve the red line system of ecological protection in China, improve the relevant theories of the system, promote the smooth development of its practical activities, serve the construction of ecological civilization in China, and continue to take the road of sustainable development.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

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