近10年中国空气质量时空分布特征

发布时间：2018-01-05 00:11

本文关键词：近10年中国空气质量时空分布特征　出处：《生态环境学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：空气污染是建设健康中国过程中亟待解决的难题。利用2005—2015年全国86个重点城市空气质量日报数据,综合运用全局自相关法、层次聚类法、空间插值法以及重心迁移模型,从年度、季节和月份3个时间尺度上探讨了近10年来中国空气质量的时空分布特征。结果表明,(1)全国空气质量表现出显著的时间变化规律。从年际变化上看,空气质量逐年好转趋势明显;从季节变化上看,夏季空气质量最好,春秋次之,冬季最差;从月份变化上看,空气质量呈现出显著的先降后升的"U"型变化规律。(2)全国空气质量呈现出显著的空间集聚和分异规律,表现为"北重南轻、东重西轻"的空间格局。其中,京津冀地区、西北地区以及山东、河南属于长期高污染区;以珠三角为核心的南部沿海地区、云贵高原和青藏高原地区属于常年优良区。近10年全国空气质量整体虽得到有效改善,但部分地区(河北、山东、河南和江苏)污染仍在加重,期间污染范围从整个华北地区、中部地区和西北地区向京津冀地区集中,空气污染分布模式从集中连片分布变成零星分布。(3)近10年全国空气质量重心以向东北方向移动为主,表明东部和北部地区部分省份的空气污染程度较全国其他省份严重。(4)研究结果揭示了近10年中国空气质量的时空分异规律,可为寻求污染治理办法提供理论参考。
[Abstract]:Air pollution is an urgent problem in the construction of health Chinese process. From 2005 to 2015 86 national key city daily air quality data, using the global autocorrelation method, hierarchical clustering method, spatial interpolation method and the barycenter model, from the 3 year, season and month time scale on the temporal and spatial distribution of air quality China in recent 10 years. The results showed that (1) the national air quality showed a significant time variation. From the annual variation, the air quality has been improved obviously; from the seasonal changes of air quality, the best in summer, spring, winter is the worst; from the month change, air quality show a significant rise after the first drop the "U" type changes. (2) the air quality showed a significant spatial agglomeration and distribution, performance for the "North South light, the spatial pattern of East West light weight". Among them, the Beijing Tianjin Hebei Area, northwest area and Shandong, Henan belongs to the long-term high pollution in the Pearl River Delta region; as the core of the southern coastal area, Yunnan Guizhou Plateau and Qinghai Tibet plateau area belongs to the perennial good area. Nearly 10 years the overall air quality has been effectively improved, but in some areas (Hebei, Shandong, Henan and Jiangsu) there was an increase in pollution during the period, pollution range from the entire north central region and northwest to the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region, air pollution from the distribution pattern of concentrated distribution become scattered. (3) the past 10 years the national air quality center to move to the east north direction, showed that air pollution in some provinces in eastern and northern regions than other provinces the country is serious. (4) the study revealed nearly 10 years of air quality China space-time distribution, can provide a theoretical reference for the pollution control measures for.

【作者单位】：西南大学地理科学学院;重庆稻田科技有限公司;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAC16B06)
【分类号】：X51
【正文快照】： 引用格式:肖悦,田永中,许文轩,吴晶晶,田林,刘瑾.2017.近10年中国空气质量时空分布特征[J].生态环境学报,26(2):243-252.XIAO Yue,TIAN Yongzhong,XU Wenxuan,WU Jingjing,TIAN Lin,LIU Jin.2017.Spatiotemporal pattern changes of air qualityin China from 2005 to 2015[J]

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