基于土地利用变化的福建省生境质量时空变化研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 01:13

本文关键词：基于土地利用变化的福建省生境质量时空变化研究　出处：《生态学报》2017年13期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：地利用变化引起的生态效应已经成为生态学研究的核心问题,分析土地利用变化引起生境质量时空变化可以为生态保护和土地规划提供科学依据。以福建省为例,利用In VEST模型对福建省生境质量进行评估,根据生境质量指数将其生境划分为低、中、良好、优等。同时分析了福建省土地利用变化对其生境质量时空格局的影响。研究结果表明:2000—2010年,福建省景观破碎度指数逐渐降低,斑块之间连通性好,生境破碎化程度降低,整体生境得分值在0.9以上。林地是福建省的优势景观,其覆盖面积达到了福建省的86%以上,并且林地的破碎化程度低,人类活动对它的干扰较小,所以福建省大部分地区生境质量处于良好、优质等级。但是福建省东南沿海地区生境值低于0.6,处于中、低等级之间,主要因为建设用地的急剧扩张增加了对生境质量的破坏强度。东南沿海地区的GDP占到福建省的65%以上,形成了以二、三产业为主导的产业格局,对基础设施建设、工业、居住用地等的需求急剧增加。所以,福建省的57%以上的建设用地主要集中于东南沿海地区。东南沿海地区高度聚集的建设用地,侵占了大量的裸地和耕地,严重干扰了该地区整体生态格局,破坏了生境质量,导致其生境质量低于福建省其他地区。
[Abstract]:Ecological effects caused by land use change have become the core of ecological research. Analyzing the spatial and temporal changes of habitat quality caused by land use change can provide scientific basis for ecological protection and land planning. Taking Fujian Province as an example, the in VEST model is used to evaluate the habitat quality of Fujian Province. According to the habitat quality index, its habitat is classified as low, medium and good. At the same time, the effects of land use change on the spatial and temporal patterns of habitat quality in Fujian Province were analyzed. The results showed that the landscape fragmentation index of Fujian Province gradually decreased from 2000 to 2010. The connectivity between patches is good, the degree of habitat fragmentation is reduced, and the overall habitat score is above 0. 9. Forestland is the dominant landscape in Fujian Province, and its coverage area reaches more than 86% of Fujian Province. And the forest land fragmentation degree is low, the human activities to it less interference, so the majority of Fujian Province habitat quality is good, quality grade, but the southeast coastal area of Fujian Province habitat value is less than 0.6. In the middle and low grade, mainly because of the rapid expansion of construction land increased the destruction intensity of habitat quality. The GDP of southeast coastal area accounted for more than 65% of Fujian Province, forming a second. Three industries as the leading industrial pattern, infrastructure construction, industry, residential land and other needs increased sharply. More than 57% of the construction land in Fujian Province is mainly concentrated in the southeast coastal area. The highly concentrated construction land in the southeast coastal area has occupied a large amount of bare land and cultivated land, which seriously interferes with the overall ecological pattern of this area. The habitat quality is destroyed and the habitat quality is lower than that in other areas of Fujian Province.
【作者单位】：中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室;山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院;
【基金】：中国科学院城市环境研究所青年人才领域前沿项目(IUEZD201404);中国科学院城市环境研究所青年人才领域前沿项目(IUEQN201302) 福建省自然科学基金(2015J01177)
【分类号】：F301.2;X826
【正文快照】： 土地是人类赖以生存的空间,是人类社会生产中重要的自然资源和生产资源,是地球上各类复杂的生态系统的载体及物种的栖息地[1]。人类的各种生产生活活动都是以土地利用为基础的。随着人类对土地开发利用的逐渐深入,土地利用的格局、深度和强度都不断发生变化。与此同时,土地利

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