玛纳斯河流域长期连作棉田土壤重金属剖面分布特征分析

发布时间：2018-01-06 05:33

本文关键词：玛纳斯河流域长期连作棉田土壤重金属剖面分布特征分析　出处：《农业环境科学学报》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以新疆玛纳斯河流域长期连作棉田土壤为材料,对长期连作棉花土壤As、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu和Pb的含量和剖面分布特征进行研究,旨在为该地区合理施肥和棉田土壤环境质量保护提供理论依据。选取研究区荒地和连作棉花5、10、20、30 a的土壤,分5层采集1 m土壤样品(每层20 cm),分析土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu和Pb的含量和垂直分布特征,并对土壤重金属的来源进行了解析。结果表明:研究区棉田和荒地土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu和Pb含量均未超过国家土壤环境质量二级标准,Cr、Ni、Cu、Cd和As的含量明显高于新疆土壤背景值,除Pb元素外,棉田其他5种重金属含量均显著高于荒地;变异系数棉田大于荒地,Cd的变异系数最大为0.46。棉田和荒地土壤剖面重金属含量都表现出表层略高于底层,随着连作年限的增加,土壤重金属含量显著增加且表现出更为明显的表层富集趋势,对比荒地和连作30 a的各层土壤,Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、As和Cd含量增加幅度分别在36.68%~102.81%、43.31%~74.33%、21.85%~64.95%、2.12%~18.94%、23.03%~45.68%和167.50%~269.19%之间,总体来看,棉田土壤重金属在1 m土体中均表现出不同程度的累积。棉田土壤重金属含量相关性分析表明,土壤P素含量与棉田土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu和Ni呈极显著和显著相关,其相关系数分别为0.622、0.689、0.611、0.513和0.560,棉田因子载荷矩阵第一主成分As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和P具有较大的载荷,分别为-0.875、-0.952、-0.868、-0.907、-0.964、-0.635和-0.864,累积贡献率达到了85.46%,说明化学磷肥的长期大量施入,是棉田土壤重金属含量累积的主要原因。
[Abstract]:The content and profile distribution of Cu and Pb in cotton soil of long term continuous cropping cotton field in Manas River Basin of Xinjiang were studied. The purpose is to provide theoretical basis for rational fertilization and soil environmental quality protection in cotton field. 1 m soil samples (20 cm ~ (-1) per layer) were collected in 5 layers to analyze the content and vertical distribution of Cu and Pb in the soil heavy metals. The sources of heavy metals in soil were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals, such as Aspergectadecrhium cr, cr, cu and Pb in cotton field and wasteland in the study area were not higher than the second grade standard of national soil environmental quality. The contents of Cu CD and as in Crn Nijiao were significantly higher than those in Xinjiang soil background, except for Pb, the other five heavy metals in cotton field were significantly higher than those in wasteland. The coefficient of variation (CV) of CD in cotton field was greater than that in wasteland was 0.46.The heavy metal content in soil profile of cotton field and wasteland was slightly higher than that of bottom layer, and with the increase of continuous cropping years. The contents of heavy metals in the soil increased significantly and showed a more obvious tendency of surface enrichment, compared with that in the barren land and the soil layers under continuous cropping for 30 years. The contents of as and CD were increased by 36.68% and 43.31%, respectively. The contents of as and CD were 74.33 and 21.85, respectively. 23.03 between 45.68% and 167.50% and 269.19%, as a whole. The correlation analysis of heavy metal content in cotton soil showed that the content of P in soil and the content of asparagine in cotton soil were correlated with the accumulation of heavy metals in soil of 1 m soil. The correlation coefficients of Cu and Ni were 0.6220.689C 0.6110.513 and 0.560, respectively. The first principal component of the load matrix of cotton field was as. The loads of Pb and P are -0.875U -0.952U -0.868m -0.907U -0.964 respectively. The accumulative contribution rate of -0.635 and -0.864 reached 85.46, which indicated that the long-term application of chemical phosphorus fertilizer was the main reason for the accumulation of heavy metals in cotton soil.
【作者单位】：石河子大学农学院农业资源与环境系;新疆石河子市第一中学;
【基金】：国际科技合作项目(2015DFA11660) 国家自然科学基金项目(31360301)~~
【分类号】：X53
【正文快照】： 随着全球农业经济化的快速发展,农业生态环境遭到严重的污染和破坏,其中土壤重金属污染问题已成为当今环境科学和土壤科学研究的热点问题[1-2]。重金属污染不仅破坏土壤的正常功能,改变其原有的理化性状,对土壤微生物也起到抑制作用,最终导致土壤肥力和作物产量、品质下降,并

【相似文献】