基于虹吸曝气系统的设计及对景观水污染治理的研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 10:23

本文关键词：基于虹吸曝气系统的设计及对景观水污染治理的研究　出处：《安徽工程大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：景观水作为人们生活中最常见的一种水体,与我们的生活息息相关,然而景观水的污染却越来越普遍。景观水遍布城市各个区域,但污染程度相对较低,在治理的时候应选择工艺简单,费用较低的处理技术。物理方法治标不治本,化学方法容易产生化学残留,生物的方法标本兼治,是长治久安之法。基于生物法处理景观水的思路,本文自主研发了一种虹吸曝气生物滤池(Siphon Biological Aerated Filter SBAF)处理景观水。SBAF相对于传统曝气生物滤池最大的特点就是省略了风机等曝气设备。其利用水流势能进行曝气,通过虹吸的进水方式做到了进水进气的一体化。实验以安徽工程大学校园景观水为实验原水,以陶粒为填料,通过对SBAF水力负荷、气水比、滤料高度等为运行参数,探索了 SBAF对景观水中的氨氮,COD_(Mn)以及浊度去除效果,得出SBAF的最佳运行参数。并在最佳运行参数下通过改变氨氮以及COD_(Mn)浓度,考察SBAF的耐冲击负荷能力。此外还对滤池的反冲洗方式做了探讨。主要结论如下:通过对SBAF的理论推导得出了 SBAF的理论气水比只与液面落差以及滤池深度有关,即气水比为(L-H)/H,L是高位水池与底部滤池的落差,H为滤池的深度。并通过气水比验证试验,验证了这一猜想。另外在实验室通过对进水及出水的溶解氧浓度做对比,验证了 SBAF具有增加溶解氧的效果。本实验采用自然挂膜的方式,通过在校园水域构筑SBAF实验系统,挂膜时间为15天。在SBAF正常稳定运行之后,通过改变SBAF的各个水力负荷,气水比,滤料高度等运行条件,进而寻找最佳的运行参数。在确定SBAF最佳运行参数之后中,通过改变SBAF的进水冲击负荷可以看出,SBAF对进水氨氮以及COD改变的适应性很强。对于氨氮的冲击负荷,出水的氨氮以及COD_(Mn)的去除率都比较好。对于有机负荷,COD_(Mn)的去除率趋势有所上升,而氨氮的去除率趋势却是逐渐下降的。但是氨氮的最低去除率也达到了 61%。以上结果能说明SBAF抗冲击负荷能力较强。由于SBAF的特殊结构,决定了其特殊的反冲洗方式,通过机械振动的方式进行反冲洗,依旧能够使生物膜脱落,达到对滤料进行冲洗的效果。SBAF的一个反冲洗周期为15天,SBAF反冲洗后恢复能力较快。一天后,COCMn的去除率以及明显回升,并且反冲洗后的COD_(Mn)的去除率以及氨氮的去除率大于反冲洗前的去除率。最后进行了经济可行性分析,以安徽工程大学校园水域为例,通过与BAF工艺的对比,能知道SBAF具有更低的基建成本已经更低的运行费用。
[Abstract]:As a kind of landscape water water is most common in people's lives, and our lives, however, landscape water pollution is more and more widespread. Throughout the various regions of the city landscape water, but the pollution degree is relatively low, at the time of governance should choose has the advantages of simple process, low cost processing technology. Physical methods palliatives the method is easy to produce chemical, chemical residue, biological methods of specimen and cure, is a long period of stability of the law. Ideas based on biological treatment of landscape water, this paper developed a siphon biological aerated filter (Siphon Biological Aerated Filter SBAF.SBAF) treatment of landscape water characteristics compared with traditional BAF is the biggest fan omitted the use of flow aeration equipment. The potential for aeration, the way through the water inlet siphon water inlet. Do the integration experiment in Anhui engineering university campus landscape water The raw water, with ceramsite filler, the SBAF hydraulic loading, gas water ratio, height of filter material as the operating parameters, to explore the SBAF of landscape water ammonia, COD_ (Mn) and turbidity removal effect, the optimum operation parameters of SBAF. And in the optimum operating parameters by changing the ammonia nitrogen and COD_ (Mn) the concentration of shock resistant capacity of SBAF. In addition to the filter backwash mode is discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: through theoretical derivation of the SBAF theory that SBAF gas water ratio is only related with the liquid drop and the filter depth, namely air / water ratio (L-H) of /H, L is high pool and at the bottom of the filter gap, H filter and the ratio of gas and water depth. Through the test, to verify this conjecture. In addition in the laboratory by the dissolved oxygen concentration of influent and effluent water to do comparison, verify that the SBAF has increased the dissolved oxygen effect. This experiment adopts natural Hanging film, through the construction of SBAF experimental system in campus waters, film-forming time was 15 days. After SBAF normal stable operation, through the hydraulic load change SBAF, gas water ratio, height of filter material and other operating conditions, and then find the optimal operating parameters. After determining the optimum operation parameters of SBAF, through the water inlet the impact of load change of SBAF can be seen, SBAF and COD on a very strong ammonia water adaptability to change. For the impact load of ammonia water, ammonia nitrogen and COD_ (Mn) removal rate are better. The organic load, COD_ (Mn) removal rate rising trend, while the ammonia nitrogen removal rate trend is gradually decreased. But the lowest ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 61%. the above results can explain SBAF strong anti shock loading capability. Because of the special structure of SBAF, determines the special backwashing method, by mechanical vibration. For backwashing, still can make biofilm shedding, achieve a backwash cycle of washing effect of.SBAF on media for 15 days, SBAF after backwash recovery faster. A day later, the removal rate of COCMn and rebounded significantly, and after backwashing COD_ (Mn) and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen removal the rate is greater than the removal rate before rinsing. Finally analyzes the economic feasibility of the campus, waters Engineering University of Anhui as an example, by comparing with the BAF technology, can know the operation cost of construction cost of SBAF is lower is lower.

【学位授予单位】：安徽工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703

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