环境公害诉讼不确定因果关系之解决——以疫学方法为视角

发布时间：2018-01-09 02:31

本文关键词：环境公害诉讼不确定因果关系之解决——以疫学方法为视角　出处：《河北法学》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：疫学方法是建立在流行病学原理上以盖然性为基础的因果关系认定方法,对于解决环境污染损害案件中因果关系的证明问题有重要适用价值。疫学方法原则上只能适用于没有经验法则可供借鉴的公害案件,由于它证明的仅仅是因果关系存在的可能性,因而只能用来推定个案因果关系的存在,在适用程序上应当允许被告提出反证。面对公害诉讼中潜伏性损害的赔偿要求,有必要将因果关系中的"损害后果"扩张解释为"损害风险的增加"。而在多因一果的情况下,无需查明各因子的作用力,只要通过疫学方法将病因框定在特定范围内,就可以推定因果关系成立。
[Abstract]:Epidemiology method is based on the principle of causality in epidemiological probability based identification method, to solve the environmental pollution problems that cause damage in case the relationship has important application value. Epidemiology methods can only be applied to no rule of thumb for reference because it proves that the pollution case is only the possibility of the existence of causal relationship therefore, the case can only be used to presumption of causality, in the procedure of the defendant should be allowed to protest. In the face of latent pollution damage action in compensation requirements, it is necessary to causality in the "damage" expansion is interpreted as "increase". While in the risk of damage due to a fruit case no need to identify the force of each factor, as long as the cause is framed in a specific range through epidemiology method, you can set up a presumption of a causal relationship.

【作者单位】：天津医科大学医学人文学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目《药品侵权问题研究》(14CFX032)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D922.68
【正文快照】： 一、公害诉讼因果关系证明的难题科技发展促进了工业文明的进步,同时也给人类生活带来巨大威胁。空气污染、水污染、噪音振动、电波辐射以及食品药品为代表的制造物毒害正成为现代文明的副产品,不断侵蚀着民众的生命健康与生活安宁。与普通侵害行为不同,上述环境污染与食品

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