天津市中心城区河流水质现状与成因分析

发布时间：2018-01-10 16:03

本文关键词：天津市中心城区河流水质现状与成因分析　出处：《中国给水排水》2017年17期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用单因子评价法、单项污染指数法、综合污染指数法和综合水质标识指数法共同评价2015年夏季天津市中心城区19条河流的水质情况,并采用顶空-气相色谱-质谱(HS/GC/MS)联用技术测定河流中的挥发性有机污染物。结果表明,19条河流水质的达标率为53%;在受污染的河流中,氨氮和总磷指标超标最严重,污染分担率也最大;在污染严重的河流中,有机污染指数和富营养化指数均偏高,说明天津市的河流主要受到生活污水和工业废水排放的共同影响;通过GC/MS定性分析,确定了污染较重的河流中主要存在丙酮、三氯甲烷、柠檬烯等恶臭物质;相同水质级别水体的污染情况不尽相同。
[Abstract]:The single factor evaluation method, single pollution index method, comprehensive pollution index method and comprehensive water quality marking index method were used to evaluate the water quality of 19 rivers in the downtown area of Tianjin in 2015. The volatile organic pollutants in the rivers were determined by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS- / GC / MS). The results showed that the water quality of 19 rivers was up to the standard of 53%. In the polluted rivers, the indexes of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus exceeded the standard most seriously, and the pollution sharing rate was also the largest. In the polluted rivers, the organic pollution index and eutrophication index are both high, which indicates that the rivers in Tianjin are mainly affected by the discharge of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. By GC/MS qualitative analysis, it was determined that there were mainly malodorous substances such as acetone, trichloromethane and limonene in the polluted rivers. The pollution of water of the same water quality level is not the same.
【作者单位】：天津市环境保护科学研究院国家环境保护恶臭污染控制重点实验室;天津迪兰奥特环保科技开发有限公司;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21207098;21577096)
【分类号】：X824
【正文快照】： 城市河流是城市生存和发展不可替代的物质条件,也是城市优美环境不可或缺的重要组成部分,然而城市内河流多为封闭型水体,水质交换少,自净能力差,易受到人类活动的影响。随着城市经济的发展和人口的增加,大量污水直排入河,而各河流来水量逐年减少,河流水体自净能力大幅降低,致

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