老化土壤中重金属人体可给性及其健康风险评价

发布时间：2018-01-19 08:23

本文关键词： 老化土壤重金属体外胃肠模拟法人体可给性健康风险评价　出处：《化工进展》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目前,土壤重金属污染事件进入高发期和多发期,同时,随着土壤老化时间的延长,重金属的生物有效性不断降低,其潜在污染环境风险也相应地下降。体外胃肠模拟法(in vitro)能有效指示重金属的人体可给量,可显著降低基于总量为暴露剂量的健康风险评估结果的保守性,因而被应用于评估老化土壤中重金属的人体健康风险,且已深受关注。本文定义了重金属的人体可给性、归纳了其测试方法(PBET、SBET和UBM等),并定量阐明了其主要影响因素,主要包括in vitro参数、土壤理化性质和重金属自身的特性等;然后,论述了重金属人体可给性在健康风险评价的应用。最后,对该领域当前存在的问题和今后的研究方向进行了总结和展望,旨在为污染场地风险源识别、修复目标确定及管理对策筛选提供理论支撑。
[Abstract]:At present, heavy metal pollution events in the soil into a high incidence and frequent period, at the same time, with the prolongation of soil aging time, the bioavailability of heavy metals is decreasing. The potential risk of environmental pollution is also reduced. In vitro gastrointestinal simulation method can effectively indicate the available heavy metals in human body. It can significantly reduce the conservatism of the results of health risk assessment based on total exposure dose, so it can be used to assess the human health risk of heavy metals in aging soil. In this paper, the human bioavailability of heavy metals is defined, and its testing methods, such as PBETSBET and UBM, are summarized, and the main influencing factors are quantitatively explained. It mainly includes the parameters of in vitro, the physical and chemical properties of soil and the characteristics of heavy metals themselves. Then, the application of heavy metal bioavailability in health risk assessment is discussed. Finally, the existing problems and future research directions in this field are summarized and prospected, in order to identify the risk sources of contaminated sites. The establishment of repair objectives and the selection of management countermeasures provide theoretical support.
【作者单位】：中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室广东省环境资源利用与保护重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：广东省省级环保专项资金项目(粤财工2014-176号) 广州市科技计划项目(201607020003)
【分类号】：X53;X825
【正文快照】： 退役工业场地遗存的重金属等污染物可能对人体健康及生态安全产生持久的严重威胁[1-2],因而开展有关污染场地土壤中重金属人体暴露剂量表征及其健康风险评估方法的研究是土地可持续利用的首要前提。目前认为,儿童和成人主要通过皮肤接触、呼吸吸入、食物链传递等途径长期地暴

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