区域大气污染协同减排补偿机制研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 06:09

本文关键词： 双层博弈模型协同减排补偿机制合作治理　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在环境规制逐步从污染排放控制向环境质量管理转型的背景下,现行的单一行政区属地治理和管理模式对区域性流动性的大气污染已力不从心,导致减排目标与环境质量改善不对应,因此,跨行政区域的合作治理亟需管理手段和机制的创新。本文基于大气环境质量目标视角,构建了区域上层管理部门(如国家或区域)和下层所辖各区的双层博弈模型,明确了大气污染减排成本与减排量的函数关系,利用定量分析方法模拟计算出区域减排总成本最小化状况下的污染协同减排补偿标准及各辖区所承担的污染物减排量,提出对实际减排量低于(超过)责任减排量的辖区给予补偿费的征收(奖励)的管理机制,通过市场调节手段实现区域内大气污染协同减排的目的。在此基础上,以我国大气污染重点防控区(长株潭城市群)为例,采用2004—2015年的统计面版数据,对区域内所辖各区二氧化硫减排量和协同减排补偿标准进行了定量测算。计算结果表明:为达到国家设定的2030年环境空气质量总体目标,长株潭区域二氧化硫协同减排的补偿费标准为1 506元/t,以该补偿标准作为区域层面二氧化硫协同减排调控手段,可在区域污染治理总成本最小化的同时,实现域内各辖区自身利益的最大化。文章最后就区域污染协同减排补偿机制提出了实施思路及保障措施。基于此研究,区域环境管理部门应设立专项的协同减排基金,专门用于区域大气质量的改善和提高:一方面用于激励大气污染实际减排量超出本行政区域责任减排量的辖区,目的是为区域空气质量比预期目标更高、对居民健康产生的正向外部性买单;另一方面用于对历史包袱重、减排压力大、治理能力弱的辖区给予一定的政策倾斜或扶持;同时,区域环境管理部门还应从组织机构、交易平台、法律法规等方面提供保障措施,确保协同减排补偿机制的顺利实施。
[Abstract]:In the environmental pollution control regulation gradually from the transition to the environmental quality management under the background of current air pollution dependency of the single administrative area governance and management mode of regional liquidity has been unable to target and improvement of environmental quality does not correspond, therefore, innovation of trans regional cooperation governance needs management means and mechanism atmospheric environmental quality objectives. This paper based on the perspective of the regional management (such as national or regional) and double game model lower under the jurisdiction of the District, the function relationship between pollution reduction atmosphere and cost reductions, calculate the total cost of pollutant regional emission reduction under the condition of pollution minimization collaborative emission reduction compensation standard and the area the emission reductions with the quantitative analysis method is proposed for the actual emission reductions below (more than) duty reductions area compensation fees ( Reward) management mechanism, by means of market regulation in the region to achieve collaborative air pollution emission reduction. On this basis, to focus on prevention and control of air pollution in our country (District of Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan City Group) as an example, using statistics from 2004 to 2015 panel data, emission reduction and emission reduction synergistic compensation standard of quantitative calculation of the district sulfur dioxide under the jurisdiction of the region. The calculation results show that: to reach the national ambient air quality in 2030 set the overall goal of Changzhutan regional sulfur dioxide emissions synergy compensation standard is 1506 yuan /t, the standard of compensation as the regional level of sulfur dioxide emission reduction in collaborative control means, and regional pollution control to minimize the total cost. To maximize the area within the domain of their own interests. Finally, regional pollution reduction compensation mechanism put forward the implementation of collaborative thinking and safeguard measures. Based on this research, regional ring Environmental management departments should set up a special collaborative emission reduction fund, specifically for regional air quality improvement and improve incentives for air pollution: on the one hand, the actual emission reductions beyond the responsibility of the administrative area of emission reduction area, the purpose is to regional air quality higher than expected, positive external effects on the health of residents to pay another; for the heavy historical burden, emission reduction pressure, governance ability of the area to give some preferential policies and support; at the same time, the regional environmental management departments should also organization, trading platform, laws and regulations on the protection measures, to ensure the smooth implementation of collaborative emission reduction compensation mechanism.

【作者单位】：中南大学商学院;湖南商学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目“面向环境管理的嵌入式服务决策理论与平台”(批准号:71431006)
【分类号】：X51
【正文快照】： 党中央、国务院高度重视大气污染防治工作,2013年9月,国务院发布《大气污染防治行动计划(2013—2017)》,明确要求到2017年,全国地级及以上城市可吸入颗粒物浓度比2012年下降10%以上;国家环保部在2013年提出全国城市空气质量达标时间表,2030年力争全国所有城市达到《环境空气质

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