铜锰铈氧化物VOCs催化燃烧催化剂的制备与性能研究
发布时间:2018-02-08 10:10
本文关键词: 过渡金属 复合氧化物催化剂 甲苯 乙酸乙酯 催化燃烧 出处:《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:挥发性有机气体是大气污染的重要来源,可引发如光化学污染、臭氧层破坏、雾霾等严重的大气污染问题,给人类生存环境带来极大影响。控制VOC的催化燃烧技术由于其能耗低,无二次污染等优点得到广泛运用。VOCs催化燃烧技术的关键是催化剂,但目前工业生产过程中所使用的贵金属催化剂存在价格昂贵、资源稀缺、稳定性差等问。因此,研究开发价格低廉,活性优良的VOCs催化剂很有必要。过渡金属氧化物中铜、锰、铈的金属氧化物稳定性好、价格低廉,但其催化性能仍有待进一步提高。本文确定了包含铜、锰、铈三种金属元素的三个系列的复合氧化物催化剂的最佳制备条件,测试了其VOCs催化活性,确定了其中催化性能最优的催化燃烧催化剂,并采用N2吸脱附、XRD、SEM、H2-TPR等表征手段分析催化剂的结构性能变化。本文考察了催化剂制备方法、活性组分比例、煅烧温度和空速等工艺条件对催化剂VOCs催化活性的影响,确定了锰铈复合氧化物催化剂最优制备方案为;采用共沉淀法制备,活性组分Mn:Ce为0.3:0.7,锻烧温度为650℃。研究结果表明:(1)Mn-Ce复合氧化物催化剂中形成的Mn-Ce固溶体,可能有利于催化剂催化活性的提升。(2)共沉淀法制备的催化剂拥有较高的比表面积、表面活性组分分散更均匀、具有良好的孔道结构以及较好的氧化还原能力。(3)催化剂煅烧温度适度增加有利于催化剂的活性的提升,而煅烧温度过高可能导致催化剂活性组分发生聚集,甚至坍塌现象,从而影响催化剂的催化性能。根据上述催化剂最佳制备条件,制备了铜铈系列和铜锰系列催化剂。在甲苯进口浓度为500ppm,空速为30000h-1的操作条件下,分别考察了这两个系列催化剂的催化性能。活性测试结果表明,在铜铈系列催化剂中,Cu:Ce=0.3:0.7的催化剂对甲苯催化活性最好(T90=229℃)。在铜锰系列催化剂中,Cu:Mn=0.25:0.75的催化剂表现出最优的催化性能(T90=202℃)。研究结果表明,(1)铜铈系列催化剂中,Cu-Ce复合氧化物催化剂均为介孔结构,CuO和CeO2之间存在良好的协同作用;适当比例的铜铈混合可得到活性组分分散较均匀,比表面积和孔容较高的催化剂。(2)铜锰系列催化剂中,Cu-Mn复合氧化物催化剂均为介孔结构。催化剂中铜锰元素存在较强相互作用,并检测出了尖晶石结构,这可能有利于催化剂氧化还原性能和催化活性的提高。本文比较了在相同条件下铜锰、铜铈、锰铈三个系列的催化剂中结构性能最优的催化剂,比较了对甲苯和乙酸乙酯的催化活性。其中,Cu:Mn=0.25:0.75的铜锰复合氧化物催化剂性能最优,在空速为30000h-1操作条件下,处理进口浓度为500ppm的甲苯的完全转化温度为T90为202℃,处理进口浓度为1000ppm的乙酸乙酯的完全转化温度为 T90 为 212℃。
[Abstract]:Volatile organic gas (VOC) is an important source of atmospheric pollution, which can cause serious atmospheric pollution problems such as photochemical pollution, ozone layer destruction, haze and so on. Because of its advantages of low energy consumption and no secondary pollution, catalyst is the key technology of catalytic combustion. However, the precious metal catalysts used in industrial production are expensive, scarce resources, poor stability and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to study and develop VOCs catalysts with low price and good activity. Cerium has good stability and low price, but its catalytic performance needs to be further improved. In this paper, the optimum preparation conditions of three series of composite oxide catalysts containing copper, manganese and cerium have been determined. The catalytic activity of VOCs was tested, the catalyst with the best catalytic performance was determined, and the structure and performance of the catalyst was analyzed by means of N2 adsorption and desorption of XRDX SEMU H2-TPR. The preparation method and the proportion of active components of the catalyst were investigated. The effects of calcination temperature and space velocity on the catalytic activity of VOCs catalyst were studied. The optimum preparation scheme of Mn-ce composite oxide catalyst was determined as follows: coprecipitation method was used to prepare the catalyst. The Mn:Ce of the active component is 0.3: 0.7, and the calcination temperature is 650 鈩,
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