不同污染负荷下浮水植物对水体营养盐的去除及生理响应

发布时间：2018-02-10 04:27

本文关键词： 水浮莲水葫芦污水处理水体修复酶活性　出处：《中国环境科学》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了阐明在不同污染负荷下,水生植物对水体氮、磷、钾等营养盐的削减效果及不同营养水平下的生理响应,选用水质净化力强的漂浮植物水浮莲和水葫芦,探讨其对污水处理厂一级A达标排放尾水中氮、磷、钾的去除效果及此过程中水生植物的生理生态学变化.结果表明,尾水经过总长80m的水浮莲和水葫芦组合配置的净化塘后,水体TN、TP、TK分别由初始的11.97,1.69,8.10mg/L削减至5.23,1.10,4.73mg/L.随着水体营养盐浓度的逐渐降低,水浮莲和水葫芦根冠比均有显著增加,水浮莲茎叶叶绿素a含量明显降低,叶片微黄,而水葫芦叶绿素a含量变化不大.2种漂浮植物根系中与氮、磷、钾等营养盐相关的硝酸还原酶(NR)、Na~+-K~+ATP酶、H~+-K~+ATP酶均与水体氮、磷、钾浓度负相关,当环境中浓度营养盐浓度较低时,水生植物可通过提高根系中相关酶活性,满足自己对营养的高效吸收与利用.而水浮莲根系的碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力与水体氮、磷、钾浓度呈正相关.其中水葫芦根系的Na~+-K~+ATP酶和H~+-K~+ATP酶相比于初始值分别提高了88.92%和103.20%.
[Abstract]:In order to elucidate the reduction effect of aquatic plants to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in water under different pollution loads and physiological response under different nutrient levels, the floating plants with strong water purification power, water phytoplankton and water hyacinth, were selected to study the effect of water phytoplankton and water hyacinth. The removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from tailwater to meet the first A standard of sewage treatment plant and the physiological and ecological changes of aquatic plants in the process were discussed. The results showed that the tail water was treated by a purifying pond with a combination of water florescence lotus and water hyacinth with a total length of 80 m. TNN TPN TK was reduced from 11.97 mg / L to 4.73 mg / L from 11.97 mg / L to 4.73 mg / L. with the decrease of water nutrient concentration, the root / shoot ratio of water florescence and water hyacinth increased significantly, the chlorophyll a content of stem and leaf decreased significantly, and the leaves were yellowish. However, the content of chlorophyll a in the roots of water hyacinth had little change. 2. The nitrate reductase (NRX) related to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients were negatively correlated with the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the roots of water hyacinth, and the concentrations of H ~ -K- ATP were negatively correlated with the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. When the concentration of nutrients in the environment was low, aquatic plants could satisfy their high efficiency absorption and utilization of nutrients by increasing the activity of related enzymes in their roots, while the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and water nitrogen and phosphorus in the roots of Acanthopsis japonicus could be improved. The Na ~ -K ~ ATP enzyme and H ~ -K ~ ATP enzyme of water hyacinth root increased by 88.92% and 103.20, respectively, compared with the initial value.
【作者单位】：江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41501545) 江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150549) 农业部农业环境重点实验室开放基金研究课题(KLAE201602)
【分类号】：X173;X52

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