城市生态系统复合下垫面碳通量特征——以上海市奉贤大学城为例

发布时间：2018-03-06 06:36

本文选题：涡动观测技术　切入点：下垫面　出处：《长江流域资源与环境》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着城市化进程的加速和城市人口规模的增加,城市已成为最大的碳源,研究城市生态系统对大气二氧化碳的贡献成为碳循环研究的焦点问题之一。基于研究区域内土地利用现状和一年的涡动观测系统观测数据,结合地理信息技术(Arc GIS)和通量计算工具(Eddypro及ART Footprint Tool)以及碳通量足迹模型分析了上海奉贤大学城碳通量足迹特征,基于此探讨不同下垫面类型,包括以草本和木本等透水层为主的下垫面(称为自然系统),以建筑物、道路等不透水层为主的下垫面(称为社会系统)碳通量的变化特征。研究结果表明:1)在不同风向上,碳通量贡献区范围随着大气稳定度的增加而扩大。大气处于稳定条件下,非主风向上的碳通量贡献区范围(最大范围1 100 m)比主风向上的碳通量贡献区范围(最大范围780m)要大;当大气处于不稳定条件下时主风向和非主风向下的碳通量贡献区范围相差不大(最大范围分别为321和351m)。2)不同下垫面其源汇特征不同,以绿色植物为主的自然系统年碳通量均值为 4.1μmol/m~2/s,表现为碳汇;社会系统的年碳通量均值为8.6μmol/m~2/s,表现为碳源。3)自然系统的碳通量日变化具有较明显的季节分异,变化特征大致呈"U"型;社会系统的碳通量日变化没有明显的季节分异,变化特征大致呈"M"型。绿色植物对城市生态系统的大气二氧化碳有降低作用,结合自然和社会系统的碳通量变化特征可以为以后合理规划城市布局,建立低碳城市提供服务。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and the increase of urban population, cities have become the largest carbon source. The study of the contribution of urban ecosystems to atmospheric carbon dioxide has become one of the focuses of carbon cycle studies. The characteristics of carbon flux footprint of Fengxian University City in Shanghai are analyzed with the combination of geographic information technology (Arc GISs) and fluxes calculation tools (Eddypro and ART Footprint tools) as well as the carbon flux footprint model. Based on this, different underlying surface types are discussed. Including the change characteristics of carbon fluxes on the underlying surfaces (called natural systems, buildings, roads and other impermeable layers, called social systems), which are dominated by permeable layers such as herbs and woody ones. The results show that: 1) in different wind directions. The range of carbon flux contribution region increases with the increase of atmospheric stability. Under stable conditions, the range of carbon flux contribution region (maximum range of 1,100 m) in non-main wind direction is larger than that in main wind direction (780 m). When the atmosphere is in unstable condition, the contribution range of carbon flux under the main wind direction and the non-main wind direction is similar (the maximum ranges are 321 and 351mm2, respectively). The source and sink characteristics of different underlying surfaces are different. The average annual carbon flux of natural system with green plants is 4.1 渭 mol / m ~ (2 / s), which is shown as carbon sink, and the annual carbon flux of social system is 8.6 渭 mol / m ~ (2 / s), which is represented by carbon source 路3) the diurnal variation of carbon flux of natural system has obvious seasonal differentiation. The diurnal change of carbon flux in social system is not obvious seasonal differentiation, but the variation characteristic is roughly "M" type. Green plants have the effect of reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide in urban ecosystem. Combining the characteristics of carbon fluxes of natural and social systems, it can provide services for planning urban layout and establishing low-carbon cities in the future.
【作者单位】：上海师范大学城市生态与环境研究中心;上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31100354,41571047)~~
【分类号】：X171

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