微流控技术制备壳聚糖微球及其对重金属废水吸附性能的研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 02:26

本文选题：重金属废水　切入点：微流控技术　出处：《华东理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：重金属废水污染是目前亟待解决的环境问题之一。吸附法简单高效,但常见的吸附剂普遍存在吸附容量低,稳定性差,制备不规整,脱附回收困难,二次污染等缺点。微流控技术在材料合成领域受到广泛关注,在制备大小、形貌、结构、组分有序可控的高单分散性功能材料方面具有明显优势。在本文中,我们采用微流控技术作为造粒手段,天然无毒的壳聚糖为原材料,制备出粒径均匀(CV=1.52%),形貌与组分可控,机械强度高,重复利用性强的壳聚糖微球(CSMS)吸附剂。并在此基础上,将微流控技术与官能团嫁接技术相结合,制备出具有高比表面积并硫脲改性的壳聚糖微球(TMCM)。大量的氨基官能团嫁接到微球表面,使微球展现出更高的吸附容量(qe=60.6mg g~(-1))与更快的吸附速率,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学吸附模型。将微流控技术与离子印迹技术相结合,以铜离子为模板,壳聚糖为载体,化学交联为离子印迹生成标记,制备出具有选择吸附性的壳聚糖微球(IIMS)。吸附能力高效(qm=81n97mgg~(-1)),选择性能优异。等温吸附符合Langmuir方程,而等温动力学吸附数据表明吸附过程为自发放热过程。多种技术手段对吸附结果的分析表明化学吸附在吸附过程中占主导地位,而氨基作为活性官能团为主要的吸附基团。将微流控技术应用于制备重金属废水吸附剂,并与官能团嫁接技术、离子印迹技术等手段相结合,所制备的功能型吸附材料能够实现对目标金属离子的高效性、快速性、选择性吸附,具有良好的实际应用前景。
[Abstract]:The heavy metals pollution is one of the environmental problems to be solved. The adsorption method is simple and efficient, but common adsorbents generally low adsorption capacity, poor stability, the preparation of irregular, desorption and recovery difficult, two pollution and other shortcomings. Microfluidic technology received wide attention in the field of materials in the preparation of size. The morphology, structure, has obvious advantages of high monodisperse functional materials were orderly controllable. In this paper, we use microfluidic technology as granulation means, non-toxic natural chitosan as raw materials, preparation of uniform particle size (CV =1.52%), the morphology and composition of controllable, high mechanical strength, repeat the use of Chitosan Microspheres with strong adsorption agent (CSMS). And on this basis, the microfluidic technology and grafting technology, prepared with high specific surface area and the thiourea modified chitosan microspheres (TMCM). A large number of amino groups. From the surface of the microspheres microspheres exhibit higher adsorption capacity (qe=60.6mg g~ (-1)) and faster adsorption rate, adsorption kinetics of the quasi two level dynamic adsorption model. The microfluidic technology and ion imprinting technology combined with copper template, chitosan as carrier, chemical crosslinking for ion imprinting generating marker, is prepared to choose chitosan microspheres (IIMS). The adsorption of efficient adsorption capacity (qm=81n97mgg~ (-1)), selection of excellent performance. Adsorption isotherm accords with Langmuir equation, and the adsorption kinetic data indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous exothermic process. Analysis of various technical means of adsorption results show that chemical adsorption the dominant in the adsorption process, while amino as active functional groups for adsorption group. The main microfluidic technology was applied to the preparation of heavy metal wastewater, and grafting technology and functional groups of ion imprinting technology Combined with other methods, the functional adsorption material can achieve high efficiency, fast and selective adsorption for target metal ions, and has good practical application prospects.

【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ424;X703

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